Inoculation of Smallpox--Antitoxins--The Wonderful Properties of Blood--Germ-killing Poisons in the Blood--Opsonins or Sauce for Germs. XXIII. THE STRANGE STORY OF ANIMAL LIFE IN NEW ZEALAND 251 Strange Birds--Destroyed by Europeans--Introduced Animals. XXIV. THE EFFACEMENT OF NATURE BY MAN 259 Disappearance of Great Animals--Man's Reckless Greed--Hope in Irrigation. XXV. THE EXTINCTION OF THE BISON AND OF WHALES 266 Drowning in a Dead Whale's Heart--The Value of Whalebone--No more Turtle Soup. XXVI. MORE ABOUT WHALES 273 The Shape of Whales--Enormous Pressure of Gas in the Blood--The Killer and the Narwhal--Fossil Whales. XXVII. MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT SCIENCE 281 What Science does not explain--Darwin's Theory is adequate--The Aquosity of Water--Need for Interpreters of Science--The Exploded Ghost called "Caloric"--Nightmares Destroyed by Science--When did the Soul arrive?--The Great Silence. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURES FIG. PAGE 1. Flower of the Yellow Sage 4 2. The Edelweiss 5 3. "Folding" of Rock Strata 8 4. A Man Extracting the Jewel from a Toad's Head 58 5. The Palate of the Fossil Fish Lepidotus 60 6. The Indian Elephant 66 7. The African Elephant 67 8. The Crowns of Three "Grinders" or Molars of Elephants Compared 71 9. Skeleton of the Indian Elephant 81 10. The Teeth in the Upper and Lower Jaw-bone of the Common Pig 84 11. A Reconstruction of the Extinct American Mastodon 86 12. Skull and Restored Outline of the Head of the Long-jawed Extinct Elephant called Tetrabelodon 87 13. Head of the Ancestral Elephant--Palaeomastodon 89 14. Restored Model of the Skull and Lower Jaw of the Ancestral Elephant--Palaeomastodon 90 15. Head of the Early Ancestor of Elephants--Meritherium--as it appeared in life 91 16. Skull and Lower Jaw of a Goat 94 17. Teeth in the Lower and Upper Jaw of the Goat 95 18. Skull of a Typical "Rodent" Mammal, the Coypu Rat 96 19. Teeth of the Coypu Rat 97 20. Skull of the Rat-toothed Goat, Myotragus 99 21. Skull of a Clouded Tiger 103