Morristown National Historical Park, a Military Capital of the American Revolution — John Shaqi
Morristown National Historical Park, a Military Capital of the American RevolutionWeig, Melvin J.
History
Morristown National Historical Park, a Military Capital of the American Revolution
Weig, Melvin J.
Morristown National Historical Park (N.J.); New Jersey -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783
The serious character of this revolt, especially the grave danger that
it might spread rapidly to other parts of the Continental Army, was
fully appreciated by Washington and his principal officers, including
Wayne, who followed and caught up with the mutineers, then voluntarily
accompanied them to Princeton. Meanwhile, the men preserved their own
order, declared they would turn and fight the British should an invasion
of New Jersey be attempted in this crisis, and they handed over to Wayne
two emissaries dispatched by Sir Henry Clinton to lure them into his
lines with lavish promises. This display of loyalty, the firm stand
taken by the mutineers, and at the same time the justness of their
complaints, all had effect on representatives of Congress and the
Pennsylvania State authorities who came to Princeton to negotiate the
whole question. An agreement concluded on January 7 stipulated that
enlistments for 3 years or the duration of the war would be considered
as expiring at the end of the 3d year; that shoes, linen overalls, and
shirts would be issued shortly to the men discharged; and that prompt
action would be taken in the matter of back pay. Commissioners appointed
by Congress went to work at once to settle the details. More than half
the mutineers were released from the army, and the rest furloughed for
several months, as a result of the final settlement. Their main
grievances removed, many of the men later reenlisted for new bounties.
The loss was thus not as great in actuality as had been feared at first.
Hardly had the Pennsylvania Mutiny subsided when, on January 20, the New
Jersey troops at Pompton also rose in revolt. Although this second
insurrection was a comparatively mild affair, Washington took no chances
with it. Five hundred men under command of Maj. Gen. Robert Howe were
sent to restore order, and early in the morning of January 27, these
forces surrounded the camp at Pompton and forced the mutineers to parade
without arms. Three ringleaders were condemned to be shot by 12 of their
partners in the uprising, but when two had been executed, the third was
pardoned. On February 7 following, Washington ordered the chastened New
Jersey Brigade to Morristown, there to take up quarters “in the Huts,
lately occupied by the Pennsylvanians.” The troops remained so posted
until July 8, 1781, when the Brigade marched for Kingsbridge on the
Hudson.
[Illustration: _Gen. Anthony Wayne endeavoring to halt the
Pennsylvania mutineers on New Year’s Night 1781._ From a diorama in
the historical museum.]
_The New Jersey Brigade Encampment of 1781-82_
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