Morristown National Historical Park, a Military Capital of the American RevolutionWeig, Melvin J.
History
Morristown National Historical Park, a Military Capital of the American Revolution
Weig, Melvin J.
Morristown National Historical Park (N.J.); New Jersey -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783
Surrounded by the main business district of Morristown is a parklike
area about 2½ acres in size. Here was the old Morristown Green of
eighteenth century times. On the green itself, then crossed by roadways,
stood the Morris County Courthouse and Jail, where both civil and
military prisoners were confined during the Revolutionary War. About a
dozen other buildings faced toward the green, among them the Arnold
Tavern (No. 5), the Presbyterian and Baptist Churches (p. 9), and, in
the winter of 1779-80, a large structure where Continental Army supplies
were stored. Extending from the southwest side of the green was a broad,
open space about 150 feet in depth and 250 feet long. This was often
used for drill and parade purposes by both Continental troops and
militia.
[Illustration: _The Revolution Room in the historical museum, where
weapons and military equipment of the Revolutionary War period are
displayed._]
NO. 5. SITE OF ARNOLD TAVERN, WASHINGTON’S HEADQUARTERS, 1777.
Facing the northwest side of Morristown Green, about 100 to 150 feet
from the present Washington Street corner, is the site of the Arnold
Tavern, which, according to local tradition, served as Washington’s
headquarters in the winter of 1777 (p. 5). Built some years before the
Revolutionary War, this structure was originally quite pretentious and
handsomely furnished. During the nineteenth century it was converted
into stores, and, in 1886, removed to another part of Morristown. Fire
completed destruction of the building some 25 years later.
[Illustration: _“Washington’s Inaugural Costume,” a typical exhibit
in the historical museum._]
NO. 6. FORT NONSENSE, 1777 (NOW RECONSTRUCTED).
Continuing from the south end of Court Street is a road leading upward
into the Fort Nonsense Area of the park. There, at the top of a steep
hill (the northern terminus of Mount Kemble), visitors may see a
restored earthwork originally built at Washington’s order in 1777.
How the name “Fort Nonsense” came into being is unknown. It does not
appear in any available written record before 1833, nor has anyone yet
authenticated the oft-repeated story that the Commander in Chief’s
reason for constructing this work was merely to keep the American troops
occupied and out of mischief. Washington’s real intention is disclosed
by an order of May 28, 1777, issued as the Continental Army moved to
Middlebrook (p. 11). In this he directed Lt. Col. Jeremiah Olney to
remain behind at Morristown, and with his detachment “and the Militia
now here ... Guard the Stores of different kinds ... Strengthen the
Works already begun upon the Hill near this place, and erect such others
as are necessary for the better defending of it, that it may become a
safe retreat in case of Necessity.” Other orders confirm the conclusion
that Fort Nonsense was actually built to serve a very practical purpose.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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