AMMONIACAL LINIMENTS, and other washes and embrocations that are sufficiently irritating to produce redness when rubbed on the skin, should be rubbed on briskly so as to produce considerably increased circulation in the capillaries, &c. One of the most commonly used rubefacients is mustard. To make a mustard plaster, or sinapism, take one part of powdered mustard, and about three times the quantity of flour and mix into a paste with tepid water, and spread it evenly between two pieces of thin muslin. As hot water or vinegar weakens the active principle of mustard, tepid water is best, even if it seems cold when applied to the patient. Good sinapisms are conveniently made also by doubling brown paper several thicknesses, wetting it and sprinkling on the mustard alone. The mustard must not be left on long enough to vesicate; usually it should be taken off within half an hour (or moved,) except when applied to the soles of the feet, when they may commonly be left on for several hours. Their action must be carefully watched upon an insensible or delirious patient, or a little child. In mixing the plaster for children glycerine may be used, and then the plaster may remain on longer. Confine in place by a bandage. If the patient complain of the burning or smarting after the plaster is removed, dust the part with starch or fine flour, or dress with vaseline to exclude the air. You may make a cayenne pepper plaster in the same way that a mustard plaster is made, or you may sprinkle pepper upon a thin slice of pork. This makes good draughts for children and may be useful sometimes for sore throat if applied to the neck. But capsicum plasters, &c., can be bought at the drug store. In the country it is generally convenient to obtain and apply horse radish leaves; these are good rubefacients. In order to produce immediate VESICATION I have known a doctor to heat an iron spoon until it was sufficiently hot, and then rub it over a small space of skin; and a small blister may be quickly made by saturating a bit of cotton with hartshorn, putting it in a top thimble and applying it to the skin to remain seven or eight minutes. But the agent most commonly used to produce vesication is the CANTHARIDEAL PLASTER. If you are to produce a blister with this, the part should first be washed and dried, shaved if there is any hair upon it, then if you wish the blister to rise soon wet the plaster and also the skin with vinegar; apply, and secure the plaster in place by a bandage. Most commonly it will rise in from four to eight hours, but without waiting for it to rise fully you may remove the plaster and apply a poultice which will produce the desired effect. Do not tear the skin in taking the plaster off. When the blister is well raised make a slight incision or two for the escape of serum, and dress with vaseline or tallow. This is the usual way, but in some cases the physician may direct differently, perhaps may leave the