Transcriber's Note: Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully as possible. Some minor corrections of spelling have been made. Italic text has been marked with _underscores_. The World’s Great Explorers and Explorations. Edited by J. SCOTT KELTIE, Librarian, Royal Geographical Society; H. J. MACKINDER, M.A., Reader in Geography at the University of Oxford; and E. G. RAVENSTEIN, F.R.G.S. MUNGO PARK AND THE NIGER. [Illustration: MUNGO PARK.] MUNGO PARK AND THE NIGER. BY JOSEPH THOMSON, AUTHOR OF “THROUGH MASAI LAND,” ETC. NEW YORK DODD, MEAD & COMPANY PUBLISHERS EDITORIAL PREFACE. The story of the world’s exploration is always attractive. We naturally take a keen interest in the personality of the men who have dared to force their way into the unknown, and so unveiled to us the face of mother earth. The interest in the work of exploration has been particularly strong and widespread in recent years, and it is believed that a series of volumes dealing with the great explorers and explorations of the past is likely to prove welcome to a wide circle of readers. Without a knowledge of what has been accomplished, the results of the unprecedented exploring activity of the present cannot be understood. It is hoped, therefore, that the present series will supply a real want. With one or two exceptions, each volume will deal mainly with one leading explorer, bringing out prominently the man’s personality, telling the story of his life, and showing in full detail what he did for the exploration of the world. When it may be necessary to depart somewhat from the general plan, it will always be kept in view that the series is essentially a popular one. When complete the series will form a Biographical History of Geographical Discovery. The Editors congratulate themselves on having been able to secure the co-operation of men well known as the highest authorities in their own departments; their names are too familiar to the public to require introduction. Each writer is of course entirely responsible for his own work. THE EDITORS. CONTENTS. CHAP. PAGE I. THE FIRST GLIMMERING OF LIGHT 1 II. MORE LIGHT: THE ARAB PERIOD 6 III. OPENING UP THE WAY TO THE NIGER 19 IV. PREPARING FOR PARK: THE AFRICAN ASSOCIATION 31 V. MUNGO PARK 36 VI. AT THE THRESHOLD 46 VII. FROM THE GAMBIA TO THE SENEGAL 53 VIII. ACROSS THE SENEGAL BASIN 65