No. 4. BOLETUS SUB-TOMENTOSUS. Pileus very variable in form, from bell to cushion shaped; also in color, from light-brown or olive to any shade of red. Stem touched with red, smooth or with light lines, often twisted. Flesh and tubes and stem changing to blue wherever bruised or cut. Tubes yellow, shading at times toward green. Tastes like walnuts. No. 5. BOLETUS CHRYSENTERON. Very similar to No. 4, except that the pileus is often brick-red. The flesh is sulphur-yellow and scarcely changeable, and the stem with more red. No. 6. BOLETUS STROBILACEUS. Whole plant blackish, turning red when bruised or cut, broken into thick fir-cone segments or scales. Tubes white or rusty, often enclosed by a veil. =TO COOK.= Beat up a batter, or simply some fresh eggs, lay the mushrooms in the same, turning them so as to have the liquid adhere to them. Then fry in hot boiling fat, or on a buttered griddle, according to your liking, with salt and pepper to the taste. Broil, bake or serve under meat as in other recipes here given. Of the above, Nos. 2, 4 and 5 may be stewed, but the others, and, in fact, all Boleti are so moist or viscous that they are much better cooked by dry heat. N. B. All the above, and many other varieties of esculent Boleti, have tubes colored white, gray, green, or yellow; none are even slightly red.] [Illustration: PLATE VIII. LYCOPERDACEAE, OR PUFF-BALLS. 1. Lycoperdon giganteum. Giant Puff-Ball. 2. Lycoperdon saccatum. Little Puff-Ball. 3. Lycoperdon gemmatum. Pear-shaped Puff-Ball. There are many varieties corresponding in most points with some one of the three above named, some growing on stumps, but most of them appearing on sandy soils after heavy rains. None are poisonous. =TO COOK.= Make a batter, properly seasoned as for frying egg-plant, or beat up eggs for the same purpose; cut the puff-balls into slices half an inch thick, and fry in boiling fat or on a buttered griddle. Puff-balls are also very good stewed with the Coprinus, or with the ordinary mushroom, as their porous substance absorbs the stronger flavor.] [Illustration: PLATE IX. AGARICUS (AMANITA) VERNUS, OR POISONOUS WHITE MUSHROOM. =DESCRIPTION.= PILEUS. At first ovate or bulbous, enclosed in the volva, then expanded, always pure white, usually clammy or viscid to the touch; cuticle thin, separable. GILLS. Pure white, unequal, free from the stem. STEM. Long, rough or woolly, stuffed or a little hollow toward the cap. VOLVA. Always present. Ring marked at medium growth; often absent at maturity of the plant; and the same is true of the warts or scurf on the cap. N. B. This mushroom to many persons has no disagreeable taste or smell. It grows in and on the borders of woods, and when half open may easily be taken for those in Plates I. or IV., if attention is not paid to the volva. It is deadly poison.] [Illustration: PLATE X. POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF THE GENUS AMANITA.