_Violin._ In most activities requiring the use of both hands, the more delicate motions are performed by the right hand in right-handed persons. For the violin family the situation is reversed, and these stringed instruments are of greatest value for exercise of the left fingers and right elbow. If the interest of the patient is great, there is no reason why the normal positions cannot be interchanged so that fingering is accomplished by the right hand on a violin with reversed strings. The violin is recommended for flexion of the left fingers, but is of greater value for flexion and extension of the right elbow. It is secondarily valuable for the flexion and extension of the wrist and abduction and adduction of the shoulder. The motion analysis for the cello and bass viol are similar to that of the violin. The heavier instruments require more motion at the shoulder. String instruments are less popular than the piano because two fundamental techniques must be learned simultaneously; correct fingering and correct bowing. The vibration of the struck piano strings is relatively uniform with variable pressures[II.], but the quality of the violin sound as produced by the beginner can be discouragingly unpleasant. _Plectrum Instruments._ The plectrum instruments afford excellent exercise of the wrist of the right hand and the fingers of the left. The ukulele, when brushed by the fingers, offers better extension of them than is found in most crafts. The guitar offers even stronger flexion for the fingers which depress the strings than does the violin. All these instruments require supination and pronation at the wrist and some flexion and extension of the elbow. They are more popular than bowed instruments and have the added advantage of being so easy to learn that the performer will be able to play simple song accompaniments in a relatively short period of time. The variety of instruments in this category permits a wide range of energy requirements. _Foot Instruments._ Although there are several instruments in which the lower extremities are used, there are only two which are readily adaptable to hospital use--the pianola and the parlor organ. For the former, no knowledge or musical ability is required and its use is open to all. The distance between the bench and the pedals will determine to some extent the energy expended and the range of joint motion which can be accomplished. The speed of playing is related to the energy which is required. If the library of pianola rolls is large and inclusive enough to meet the demands of the patient’s taste, an adequate amount of work can be expected.