Nabla, 30. Nablas, 27. Nablia, 34. Nablum, 86, 100. Naker, 56. Naḳḳárah, 56. Nakrys, 56. Nara, bell near, 46. Nebuchadnezzar, 18. Nechiloth, 25, 26. Nefer, 12. Nekeb, 23. Nevel, 19, 22, 30. New Guinea, instruments of, 2. New Zealand, instruments of, 2. “Nibelungenlied,” The, 90. Nimroud, 16, 18. Nineveh, 16. Nootka Sound, instrument of, 2. Norwegian instruments, 113. Nuy, 55. Oboe da caccia, 127. ” d’amore, 127. ” Hindu, 79. ” lungo, 127. ” Persian, 55. ” piccolo, 127. Ocarina, Chinese, 42. Octave, Arabian, 54. ” Chinese, 39. Octavina (Ottavino), 120. Oliphant, 94. Organ, Burmese, 42. ” Chinese, 42. ” English, 129. ” French, 129. ” Gamba stop in, 115. ” German, 129. ” Hebrew, 24. ” hydraulic, 32. ” pneumatic, 94. ” portative, 129, 130. ” positive, 129. ” Siamese, 42. Organ-builders, German, 129. Organ-harpsichord, 124. Organistrum, 92, 99, 101. Orchestras, mediæval, 99. Orpheus, Chinese, 37. Ottavino, or Octavina, 120. Ovalle, Alonso de, quoted, 62. P’ai-hsiao, 42. Palenque, instruments from, 62. Pandean pipes, 23, 31, 35, 42, 53, 80. Pandoura, 30. Pandurina, 108. Pasquali, Signor, 117. Passerini, Signor, 117. Pedal, invention of, 96. ” in harpsichord, 124. Pektis, 30. Pepys, quoted, 120, 126. Persian instruments, 3, 48, 52 _seq._ Peruvian instruments, 58, 59. Peruvians, songs of the, 80, 81. Phaamon, 25. Phœnicians, 36. Phorbeia, 34. Phorminx, 28, 29. Pianoforte, 123, 125, 134. Piao, 39. Pien-ch’ing, 38, 39. Pien-chung, 39. Piffero pastorale, 127. Pincullu, 62. P’i-p’a, 43, 44. Pipe of the Aztecs, 60. ” Berecynthian, 27. ” Carian, 28. ” of Chiriqui Indians, 60, 79. ” Egyptian, 12. ” Greek, 31. ” Hebrew, 23. ” Japanese, 45. ” Mexican, 58 _seq._ ” Peruvian, 58 _seq._ ” Phrygian, 27. Pitch of Chinese instruments, 39. ” the oboe, 127. ” the ottavino, 120. ” whistle sounds, 59. Pito, 60. Plectrum, 30, 40, 44, 45, 109, 110. Plektron, _see_ Plectrum. Po-fu, 41. Poitiers, 10. Post-mediæval instruments, 104 _seq._ Pottery, instruments of, 58 _seq._ Prætorius, quoted, 111. Pre-historic relics, 9. Psalms, musical directions in, 26. Psalterion, 20. Psalterium, 33, 85, 86. Psaltery, 102, 116, 117. Psanterin, 20. Pungi, 52, 93. Quanūn, 54, 55. Quartfagott, 128. Quills for twanging strings, 107, 109, 119. Quills in virginal, 120. Quinterna, 109. Quintfagott, 128. Quyvi, 62. Rabôb, 55, 56. Ranking, J., quoted, 75. Rattles, 80. ” American Indian, 72, 82. ” Indian, 2. Ravanastra, 50. Rebec, 56, 102, 113. Rébek, 90. Recorder, 125. Regal, or regals, 96, 102, 129. Rigabello, 130. Rin, 46. Roman instruments, 32 _seq._ Rote, 88. Rotta, 88, 89.