Musical Portraits : Interpretations of Twenty Modern ComposersRosenfeld, Paul
History
Musical Portraits : Interpretations of Twenty Modern Composers
Rosenfeld, Paul
Composers; Music -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Music -- 20th century -- History and criticism
Arnold Schoenberg was born in Vienna September 13th, 1874. He was
self-taught until his 20th year. His first instruction was received from
his brother-in-law, Alexander von Zemlinsky. In 1901 he went to Berlin,
and became the Kapellmeister of the "Uberbrettl," the cabaret managed by
Birnbaum, Wedekind and von Wolzogen. Due to the influence of Richard
Strauss, he secured a position as instructor in Stern's Conservatory. In
1903 he returned to Vienna. He aroused the interest of Gustav Mahler,
who secured performances for several of his works. The Rose Quartet
performed the sextet "Verklaerte Nacht" and the Quartet, Opus 7. The
"Kammersymphonie" and the choral work "Gurrelieder" were also played. In
1910 Schoenberg was appointed teacher of composition in the Imperial
Academy. In 1911 he returned to Berlin, remaining there till 1916 (?).
He is said at present to be in Vienna.
Among his compositions are:
Opera 1, 2 and 3, Songs--"Gurrelieder"; Opus 4, sextet "Verklaerte
Nacht"; Opus 5, "Pelleas und Melisanda"; Opus 7, 1st String-quartet;
Opus 8, Songs with orchestral accompaniment; Opus 9, "Kammersymphonie";
Opus 10, 2nd String-quartet, with setting of "Entrueckung," by Stefan
George; Opus 11, three pieces for Piano; Opus 13, _a capella_ choruses;
Opus 15, Songs; Opus 16, five Pieces for Orchestra; Opera 17 and 19,
Piano pieces; Opus 21, "Die Lieder des Pierrot Lunaire."
A new Kammersymphonie and a monodrama "Erwartung" remain unpublished.
SIBELIUS
Jean Sibelius was born in Tavastehus, Finland, December 8th, 1865. He
matriculated at the University of Helsingfors in 1885, but shortly after
gave up all idea of studying law, and entered the Conservatory in 1886.
Here he remained three years, studying composition with Wegelius. In
1889-90 he studied with Becken in Berlin. In 1891 he went to Vienna to
study instrumentation with Karl Goldmark. From 1893-97 he taught
composition at the Helsingfors Conservatory. In 1897 the Finnish Senate
allotted him the sum of $600 yearly for a period of ten years, in order
to permit him leisure for composition. In 1900 he toured Scandinavia,
Germany, Belgium and France as conductor of the Helsingfors Philharmonic
Orchestra. In 1901 he was invited to conduct his own compositions at the
festival of the Deutscher Tonkuenstlerverein in Heidelberg. In 1914,
while in America, Yale University conferred upon him the degree of
Doctor of Music. At present he is living in Jaersengraeae, Finland.
Among Sibelius's compositions are:
Five Symphonies: No. 1, Opus 39; No. 2, Opus 43; No. 3, Opus 52; No. 4,
Opus 63; No. 5 (composed in 1916).
String-quartet "Voces intimae," Opus 56.
"En Saga," Opus 9; "Karelia Overture," Opus 10; "Der Schwan von Tuonela"
and "Lemmenkainen zieht heimwarts," Opus 22; "Finlandia," Opus 26;
"Suite King Christiern II," Opus 27; "Pohjohla's Daughter," Opus 49;
"Naechtlicher Ritt und Sonnenaufgang," Opus 55; "Scenes historiques,"
Opus 66; "Die Okeaniden," Opus 72. Some fifty songs, etc., etc.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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