India -- Economic conditions -- 1918-1947; India -- Politics and government -- 1919-1947; India -- Social conditions
That a nation which regularly listens to readings from epic poems of
Ramayana and Mahabharata morning and night on every day of the year,
and on whose lips the praises of Sita, the ideal wife (heroine in
Ramayana), dance forever, should be carried away by the desire of
ill-treating its womankind, as is actually believed by most westerners,
is simply inconceivable. Sita’s equal as a model of womanly chastity,
uprightness, kindness, and devotion has not been known in the history
of mankind. The story of her exile with her husband, King Rama, her
fidelity, and her spirituality is known to every child born in India;
while her character is set as an example before all Hindu women in the
country. With such ideals as these constantly before their minds, and
the moral influence of the peaceful, chaste family life always around
them, women of any nation will develop within themselves a power which
it will be impossible for any group of men, however foul and vicious,
to resist. And it must be remembered that the men of India, slow as
they are in catching the militaristic spirit of the competitive western
life, are to an exceptional degree spiritual and religious in their
general behavior. Sir Monier-Williams says:
“Religion of some kind enters largely into their [East Indian]
everyday life. Nay, it may even be said that religious ideas and
aspirations--religious hopes and fears--are interwoven with the
whole texture of their mental constitution. A clergyman, who has
resided nearly all his life in India, once remarked to me that
he had seen many a poor Indian villager whose childlike trust in
his god, and in the efficacy of his religious observances--whose
simplicity of character and practical application of his creed,
put us Christians to shame.”[11]
And again, in describing the general character of the Hindu women and
their family life, he writes:
“Hindu women must be allowed full credit for their strict
discharge of household duties, for their personal cleanliness,
thrift, activity, and practical fidelity to the doctrines and
precepts of their religion. They are generally loved by their
husbands, and are never brutally treated. A wife-beater drunkard
is unknown in India. In return, Indian wives and mothers are
devoted to their families. I have often seen wives in the act of
circumambulating the sacred _Tulsi_ plant 108 times, with the sole
object of bringing down a blessing on their husband and children.
In no other country in the world are family affection and
reverence for parents so conspicuously operative as in India. In
many households the first morning duty of a child on rising from
sleep is to lay his head on his mother’s feet in token of filial
obedience. Nor could there be a greater mistake than to suppose
that Indian women are without influence.”[12]
FOOTNOTES:
[1] Max Müller--_What India Can Teach Us_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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