My Studio NeighborsGibson, W. Hamilton (William Hamilton)
History
My Studio Neighbors
Gibson, W. Hamilton (William Hamilton)
Natural history; Natural history -- Outdoor books
eloquent system of intercommunings beside which the most inextricable
tangle of metropolitan electrical currents is not a circumstance. What a
storied fabric were this murmurous tangle woven day by day, could each
one of these insect messengers, like the spider, leave its visible trail
behind it!
As a rule, these blossom ceremonies are of the briefest description.
Occasionally, however, as in the cypripedium and in certain of the
arums, or "jack-in-the-pulpit," and aristolochias, the welcome becomes
somewhat aggressive, the guest being forcibly detained awhile after tea,
or, as in the case of our milkweed, occasionally entrapped for life.
[Illustration]
From this companionable point of view let us now look again at the
strange curved stamen of the sage. Why this peculiar formation of the
long curved arm pivoted on its stalk? Considered in the abstract, it can
have no possible meaning; but taken in association with the insect to
which it is shaped, how perfect is its adaptation, how instantly
intelligible it becomes! Every one is familiar with the sage of the
country garden, its lavender flowers arranged in whorls in a long
cluster at the tips of the stems. One of these flowers, a young one from
the top of the cluster, is shown at A (Fig. 4), in section, the long
thread-like pistil starting from the ovary, and curving upward beneath
the arch of the flower, with its forked stigma barely protruding (B).
There are two of the queer stamens, one on each side of the opening of
the blossom, and situated as shown, their anthers concealed in the hood
above, and only their lower extremity appears below, the minute growth
near it being one of the rudiments of two former stamens which have
become aborted. If we take a flower from the lower portion of the
cluster (D), we find that the thread-like pistil has been elongated
nearly a third of an inch, its forked stigma now hanging directly at the
threshold of the flower. The object of this will be clearly demonstrated
if we closely observe this bee upon the blossoms. He has now reached the
top of the cluster among the younger blossoms. He creeps up the
outstretched platform of the flower, and has barely thrust his head
within its tube when down comes the pair of clappers on his back (C).
Presently he backs out, bearing a generous dab of yellow pollen, which
is further increased from each subsequent flower. He has now finished
this cluster, and flies to the next, alighting as usual on the lowermost
tier of bloom. In them the elongated stigma now hangs directly in his
path, and comes in contact with the pollen on his back as the insect
sips the nectar. Cross-fertilization is thus insured; and, moreover,
cross-fertilization not only from a distinct flower, but from a separate
cluster, or even a separate plant. For in these older stigmatic flowers
the anther as it comes down upon his back is seen to be withered, having
shed its pollen several days since, the supply of pollen on the bee's
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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