My three years in Manipur : $b and escape from the recent mutinyGrimwood, Ethel St. Clair
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My three years in Manipur : $b and escape from the recent mutiny
Grimwood, Ethel St. Clair
Grimwood, Ethel St. Clair, 1867-1928; Manipur (India)
The hill bungalow mentioned was situated about fifteen miles from
Manipur. It was about 6,000 feet above sea-level, with a delightfully
cool climate all the year round, though the rainfall was excessive
during the summer months, and damp mists came up from the valley below,
hiding even the garden round the house, and making the place very cold.
Still, it was pleasant to be able to get away up there for a few days’
change from the heat at Manipur, and we generally went up from Saturday
till Tuesday every week. The village below the house belonged to us,
and rejoiced in the name of Khan-jhub-khul. We had some five or six
villages, which were given us by the Maharajah, the inhabitants of
which worked for us. They were situated in different parts of Manipur,
and we found it very convenient. The Nagas preferred working for us to
working for the Maharajah, as we paid them for their labour, whereas the
durbar considered it as revenue, and gave them nothing. At the same time,
the way the Manipuris managed all the hill-tribes about them was very
creditable. Every village had to work for the Rajah so many months in
the year—about four. Some had to cut wood, and bring so many bundles in
for the palace; others had to give so much rice, or go down to Cachar or
to Kohima for trading purposes, and each tribe had its own duties. This
system extended throughout Manipur, and not only amongst the hill-tribes,
but also among the Manipuris themselves, and was called ‘Lalup.’ In
return for their services they got their land rent free, and were not
restrained from trading in their own interests as soon as they had
performed their ‘Lalup’ for the Maharajah. It was a system that answered
very well, and the people seemed well-to-do and contented.
The women did all the hard work, as a rule. They wove all their own
and their husbands’ clothing, and cooked and looked after the house
generally, besides working in the fields and coming every evening to the
big bazaar[5] with merchandise for sale or exchange. No men were allowed
to sell in this bazaar with the exception of a few Bengalee traders, who
sat in a different part of the market and sold cloths. It was a pretty
sight in the evening to see all the women hurrying along with their wares
on their heads, and their little babies slung on their backs. They sat
in long rows in the bazaar, and it was divided up in a most methodical
way. Vegetables and fish occupied one end, and cloths and jewellery the
other, and the whole of the female population turned out, and even the
princesses occasionally sold in the bazaar. The princesses were more
numerous than the princes, as each of the latter had several wives. The
Senaputti was supposed to be the happy owner of nine wives, and the
others had almost as many.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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