Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
Tradition attributes the foundation of Mycenæ to Perseus, son of Danaë
and Jove, who had by Andromeda a son Sthenelus, to whom he left the
kingdom. Sthenelus married Nicippé, the daughter of Pelops, by whom he
had a son Eurystheus, who succeeded him. The dynasty of Perseus ended
with Eurystheus, who was succeeded by his uncle Atreus, the son of
Pelops. The latter left the kingdom to his brother Thyestes, who left it
to his nephew Agamemnon, son of Atreus.
According to tradition, Atreus and his brother Thyestes contended for the
dominion of Mycenæ. Atreus was married to Aëropé, who was seduced by his
brother Thyestes. Atreus, in revengeful fury at this, butchered the two
(or three) sons of Thyestes, and served them up at a banquet to their
father. When Thyestes learnt the fact, in his horror he overturned the
table, vomited the dreadful meal, and ran off, cursing the whole race of
the Pelopids.[142] Aëropé is thrown into the sea. Thyestes consults the
oracle how he can revenge himself on his brother, and gets the answer
that, if he begets a son by his own daughter, Pelopia, this son will
avenge him. To avoid the incest, he intended to leave for Lydia; but
when he was sacrificing in the night to Athena at Sicyon, his daughter
joined him there, and unwittingly he begat by her the future avenger,
Ægisthus, who, exposed by his mother immediately after his birth, was
found by shepherds, and was nursed by a goat, whence his name.[143] He
was afterwards sought for by Atreus, who brought him up as his son, for
Atreus had married Pelopia in the very beginning of her pregnancy and
thought the child belonged to him. But Ægisthus killed Atreus when he was
sacrificing on the sea-shore, because Atreus, thinking him to be his own
son, had ordered him to kill his brother Thyestes. Ægisthus then, with
Thyestes, took possession of the realm.
But Homer knows nothing at all of the bloody brawl in the house of the
Pelopids, for according to him[144] Jove sent the royal sceptre to
Pelops, by Hermes, as a symbol of dominion; Pelops gave it to Atreus,
who dying left it to Thyestes; Thyestes left it to Agamemnon, and there
is not even an allusion to dispute or violence. Hesiod speaks of the
proverbial wealth and the royal majesty of the Atridæ, but he knows
nothing of their crimes. Homer knows only the outrage of Ægisthus
and Clytemnestra. During Agamemnon's absence in Troy, Ægisthus had
succeeded in seducing Clytemnestra, and he was insolent enough to make
thank-offerings to the gods for having succeeded.[145] To avoid being
taken unawares by Agamemnon, he stationed a watchman on the shore, and
when at length he heard of the king's arrival, he invited him to a meal
and, in concert with Clytemnestra, killed him at table.[146] Ægisthus
then reigned seven years over Mycenæ, until in the eighth, as the gods
had foretold to him,[147] Orestes appeared and avenged his father by
killing Ægisthus and his own mother Clytemnestra.[148]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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