The Dickcissel, _Spiza americana_, possesses certain features which merit special discussion. Beecher (1951a:431; 1953:309), on the basis of jaw-musculature, considers it an icterid. To be sure _Spiza_ is in many ways an aberrant member of the group to which it is now assigned (Subfamily Richmondeninae). _Spiza_, serologically, is closely related to all species of the richmondenine-emberizine-thraupid assemblage. Within this assemblage its nearest relatives are the richmondenines. _Spiza_ differs from the other richmondenines studied and resembles the emberizines and tanagers in the possession of the muscular band which extends from the _pars interna_ of the _m. gastrocnemius_ around the front of the knee. This band, in _Spiza_, is smaller, however, than in any of the other species. No icterid dissected possesses such a structure. Tordoff (1954:29) states that _Spiza_ is typically richmondenine in palatal structure and makes the suggestion, with which I agree, that _Spiza_ is a richmondenine and may be closely related to the ancestral stock which gave rise to the fringillid assemblage. The serological position of _Spiza_, approximately equidistant from the other fringillids (Figs. 22, 23), and the presence of the small muscular band around the front of the knee constitute evidence supporting the central position of _Spiza_. After consideration of evidence from the studies of external morphology, ethology, myology, osteology, and serology, I propose here an arrangement of the groups which I have studied and submit for comparison the arrangements (of these groups) proposed by Beecher and Tordoff. The names of subfamilies that I have been unable to study are included in my classification and are placed in brackets.