Produced by Brenda Lewis, Scott Marusak, Greg Bergquist and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) Transcriber's Note Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. A list of corrections is found at the end of the text. [Illustration: LILLY'S HIEROGLYPHS (PUBLISHED IN 1651)] MYTHS AND MARVELS OF ASTRONOMY BY RICHARD A. PROCTOR AUTHOR OF "ROUGH WAYS MADE SMOOTH," "THE EXPANSE OF HEAVEN," "OUR PLACE AMONG INFINITIES," "PLEASANT WAYS IN SCIENCE," ETC., ETC. _NEW EDITION_ LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. LONDON, NEW YORK, AND BOMBAY 1896 _Printed by_ BALLANTYNE, HANSON & CO _At the Ballantyne Press_ PREFACE. The chief charm of Astronomy, with many, does not reside in the wonders revealed to us by the science, but in the lore and legends connected with its history, the strange fancies with which in old times it has been associated, the half-forgotten myths to which it has given birth. In our own times also, Astronomy has had its myths and fancies, its wild inventions, and startling paradoxes. My object in the present series of papers has been to collect together the most interesting of these old and new Astronomical myths, associating with them, in due proportion, some of the chief marvels which recent Astronomy has revealed to us. To the former class belong the subjects of the first four and the last five essays of the present series, while the remaining essays belong to the latter category. Throughout I have endeavoured to avoid technical expressions on the one hand, and ambiguous phraseology (sometimes resulting from the attempt to avoid technicality) on the other. I have, in fact, sought to present my subjects as I should wish to have matters outside the range of my special branch of study presented for my own reading. RICHARD A. PROCTOR. CONTENTS. PAGE I. ASTROLOGY 1 II. THE RELIGION OF THE GREAT PYRAMID 53 III. THE MYSTERY OF THE PYRAMIDS 78 IV. SWEDENBORG'S VISIONS OF OTHER WORLDS 106 V. OTHER WORLDS AND OTHER UNIVERSES 135 VI. SUNS IN FLAMES 160 VII. THE RINGS OF SATURN 191 VIII. COMETS AS PORTENTS 212 IX. THE LUNAR HOAX 242 X. ON SOME ASTRONOMICAL PARADOXES 268 XI. ON SOME ASTRONOMICAL MYTHS 299 XII. THE ORIGIN OF THE CONSTELLATION-FIGURES 332 MYTHS AND MARVELS OF ASTRONOMY I. _ASTROLOGY._