Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
About the time Quebec was restored to the French, on the 23d of
September, 1633,[453] Captain Thomas Young received a commission from
the King of England to make certain explorations in America.[454] The
next spring he sailed, and among his officers was a “cosmographer,
skilful in mines and trying of metals.” Entering Delaware Bay on the
24th of July, 1634, he sailed up the river, which he named Charles, in
honor of the King, and by the 1st of September had reached the vicinity
of the falls, above Trenton, the capital of New Jersey. In a report
from this river, dated the 20th of October, he writes: “I passed up
this great river, with purpose to have pursued the discovery thereof
till I had found the great lake[455] from which the great river issues,
and from thence I have particular reason to believe there doth also
issue some branches, one or more, by which I might have passed into
that Mediterranean Sea which the Indian relateth to be four days’
journey beyond the mountains; but having passed near fifty leagues up
the river, I was stopped from further proceedings by a ledge of rocks
which crosseth the river.”
He then expresses a determination the next summer to build a vessel
above the falls, from whence he hoped to find “a way that leadeth into
that mediterranean sea,” and from the lake. He continues: “I judge that
it cannot be less than one hundred and fifty or two hundred leagues
in length to our North Ocean; and from thence I purpose to discover
the mouths thereof, which discharge both into the North and South
Sea.”[456] The same month that Captain Young was exploring the Valley
of the Delaware, an expedition left Quebec which was not so barren of
results.
The year that Étienne Brulé came back from his wandering in the far
West, in 1618, Jean Nicolet, the son of poor parents at Cherbourg, came
from France, and entered the service of the fur company known as the
“Hundred Associates,” under Champlain. For several years he lived among
the Algonquins of the Ottawa Valley, and traded with the Hurons; and
because of his knowledge of the language of these people, he was valued
as an interpreter by the trading company. On the 4th day of July, 1634,
on his eventful journey to distant nations, he was at Three Rivers, a
trading post just begun. Threading his way in a frail canoe among the
isles which extend from Georgian Bay to the extremity of Lake Huron,
he, through the Straits of Mackinaw, discovered Lake Michigan, and
turning southward found its Grand Bay, an inlet of the western shore,
and impressive by its length and vastness.
Here were the Gens de Mer,[457] or Ochunkgraw, called by the
Algonquins Ouinipegous or Ouinipegouek,—people of the salt or
bad-smelling water; and the traders gave them the name of Puants.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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