Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
The question of the duration of the belief in the Asiatic connection
of North America naturally falls into connection with the volume[138]
of this work devoted to the Spanish discoveries. We may refer briefly
to a type of map represented by the Lenox globe[139] (1510-1512),
the Stobnicza map[140] (1512), the so-called Da Vinci sketch[141]
(1512-1515), the Sylvanus map in the Ptolemy of 1511, the Ptolemy
of 1513, the Schöner, or Frankfort, globe of 1515,[142] the Schöner
globe of 1520,[143] the Münster map of 1532,[144] and even so late a
representation as the Honter mappamundi of 1542, reproduced in 1552 and
1560. This type represents a solitary island, or a strip of an unknown
shore, sometimes joined with the island, lying in the North Atlantic.
The name given to this land is Baccalaos, or Corterealis, or some
equivalent form of those words, and their coasts represent the views
which the voyages of the Cabots and Cortereals had established. West
and southwest of this the ocean flowed uninterruptedly, till you came
to the region of Florida and its northern extension. The Portuguese
seem to have been the first to surmise a continental connection to this
region, in a portolano which is variously dated from 1514 to 1520, and
whose legends have been quoted in the preceding text.[145]
The Portuguese claim of explorations in this region by Alvarez Fagundes
in 1521, or later, is open to question. If a map which is brought
forward by C. A. de Bettencourt, in his _Descobrimentos dos Portuguezes
em terras do ultramar nos seculos xv e xvi_, published at Lisbon in
1881-1882, represents the knowledge of a time anterior to Cartier,
it implies an acquaintance with this region more exact than we have
other evidence of. The annexed sketch of that map follows a colored
fac-simile entitled, “Fac-simile de uma das cartas do atlas de Lazaro
Luiz,” which is given by Bettencourt. The atlas in which it occurs was
made in 1563, though the map is supposed to record the explorations of
João Alvarez Fagundes, under an authority from King Manoel, which was
given in 1521. Harrisse in his _Cabots_ (p. 277) indicates the very
doubtful character of this Portuguese claim.
[Illustration: LAZARO LUIZ.]
[Illustration: VERRAZANO, 1529.]
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