Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
The information concerning the Baccalaos region, which was the basis
of these Portuguese charts, seems also to have been known, in part at
least, a few years later to Hieronymus Verrazano, and Ribero, though
the former contracted and the latter closed up the passages by the
north and south of Newfoundland. The chart usually ascribed to Fernando
Columbus[146] closely resembles that of Ribero. Of the Verrazano map
sufficient has been said in the preceding text; but it may not be
amiss to trace more fully the indications there given of its effect
upon subsequent cartography, so far as it established a prototype for
a great western sea only separated at one point from the Atlantic by
a slender isthmus. Mr. Brevoort (_Verrazano_, p. 5) is of the opinion
that the idea of the Western Sea originated with Oviedo’s _Sumario_ of
1526.
[Illustration: RIBERO, 1529.
The key is as follows:—
1. Esta tierra descubrierô los Ingleses, Tiera del Labrador.
2. Tiera de los Bacallaos, la qual descubrieron los corte reales.
3. Tiera de Esteva Gomez la qual descubrio por mandado de su. mag. el
año de 1525, etc.
There are several early copies of this map. Harrisse describes the
Weimar copy as having on “Tiera del Labrador” the words, “Esta tierra
descubrieron los Ingleses no ay en ella cosa de pronecho.” Thomassy
says the Propagande copy indicates the discovery of Labrador by the
English of Bristol. See Vol. III. pp. 16, 24, and a note in chap. ix.
of the present volume. The Ribero contour of the eastern coast long
prevailed as a type. We find it in the Venice map of 1534, of which
there is a fac-simile in Stevens’s _Notes_, and in the popular Bellero
map of 1554 (in use for many years), and, with little modification, in
so late a chart as Hood’s in 1592. It was held to for the coast between
Florida and Nova Scotia long after better knowledge prevailed of the
more northern regions. It was evidently the model of the map published
by the Spanish Government in 1877 in the _Cartas de Indias_.]
Reference has already been made to the map of Maggiollo, or Maiollo
(1527), which Desimoni has brought forward, and of which a fac-simile
of his sketch is reproduced on page 39. The sea will be here observed
with the designation, “Mare Indicum.” Dr. De Costa showed a large
photograph of it at a meeting of the New York Historical Society, May,
1883, pointing out that the name “Francesca” gave Verrazano the credit
of first bestowing that name in some form upon what was afterward known
as New France.[147]
In 1870 there was published in the _Jahrbuch des Vereins für Erdkunde
in Dresden_ (tabula vii.) a fac-simile of a map of America from a
manuscript atlas preserved in Turin which gives conjecturally this
western sea, closely after the type shown below in a map of Baptista
Agnese (1536); its date is put somewhere between 1530 and 1540.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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