Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
Next Cartier passed to an island “very high and pointed at one end,
which was named Alezay.” Its first cape was called St. Peter’s, in
honor of the day. This, as it would appear, is the present Prince
Edward Island;[168] but the account admits of large latitude of
interpretation.
Cartier reached the mainland on the evening of the last day of June,
and named a headland Cape Orleans; next he found Miramichi Bay, or
the Bay of Boats, which he called St. Lunario. Here he had some hope
of finding a passage through the continent. On July 4 Cartier was
surrounded by a great fleet of canoes, and was obliged to fire his
cannon to drive the natives away. The next day, however, he met them on
the shore, and propitiated their chief with the present of a red hat.
These were the Micmacs, a coast tribe wandering from place to place,
fishing in the summer, and hunting in the interior during the winter.
By July 8 he reached the bay which, on account of the heat, he called
the Bay Chaleur, known by the Indians as Mowebaktabāāk, or the Biggest
Bay. Here the Micmac country ended, and the natives were of another
tribe, visitors from Canada, who had descended the St. Lawrence to
prosecute the summer fisheries.[169] They proved friendly, engaging in
trade, and showing a disposition which Cartier thought would incline
them to receive Christianity. The country was beautiful, but no passage
was found extending through the land; and accordingly he sailed
northward, reaching a place called St. Martin’s Creek, and saying that
on this coast they have “figs, nuts, pears, and other fruits.” Leaving
St. Martin’s Creek, the coast was followed to Cape Prato,—a name which
appears like a reminiscence of Albert de Prato, who was at Newfoundland
in 1527.[170] Forty natives were seen in canoes; but they were poor,
and almost in a nude condition. They appeared to be catching mackerel
in nets made of a kind of hemp. Reaching Gaspé, July 24, a large cross
was set up, with a shield attached, bearing the fleur-de-lis and the
motto: “Vive le Roi de France.” The natives, however, protested,
understanding that by setting up this _totem_ the strangers claimed
a country to which they had no right. Afterward two of the natives,
Taignoagny and Domagaya, were entrapped and made prisoners, while
presents sent to the tribe seemingly afforded satisfaction. The next
day the expedition left the land, and, sailing out once more into
the Gulf, they saw the great Island of Anticosti, when, coasting its
southern shore, they named its eastern cape St. Loys. Thence Cartier
steered over to the coast of Labrador, searching for a passage to
the west. On St. Peter’s day he was in the strait between Anticosti
and Labrador, which forms one entrance to Canada. He called it St.
Peter’s Channel; but he did not know whither it led, and accordingly
called a council. As the result, the season being now far advanced,
and the supplies running low, it was resolved to return to France, and
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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