Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 6 (of 8): The United States of North America, Part I
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 6 (of 8): The United States of North America, Part I
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
By the 1st of December, Montgomery, with three armed schooners and only
300 men, reached Arnold at Point-aux-Trembles. The united forces now
turned their faces towards Quebec, less than a thousand in all, with a
body of two hundred Canadians, under Colonel James Livingston, acting
in conjunction; and on the 5th were before the town. Carleton haughtily
scorned all advances of Montgomery to communicate with him, and devoted
himself to overawing the town, quite content that the rigors of winter
should alone attack the invaders. While the Americans were making some
show of planting siege-batteries, plans for assault were in reality
maturing, and a stormy night was awaited to carry them out. It came on
the night before the last day of the year. While two feints were to be
made on the upper plain, the main assaults were to be along the banks
of the St. Charles and the St. Lawrence, from opposite sides, with a
view to joining and gaining the upper town from the lower. Montgomery
led the attack beneath Cape Diamond on the St. Lawrence side, and while
in advance with a small vanguard, and unsuspecting that his approach
was discovered, he was opened upon with grape, and fell, with others
about him.[486] His death was the end of the assault on that side.
Arnold was at first successful in carrying the barriers opposed to
him, but was soon severely wounded and taken to the rear. Morgan, who
succeeded to the command, was pressing their advantage, when Carleton,
relieved by Montgomery's failure, and by the discovery that the other
attacks meant nothing, sent out a force, which so hemmed Morgan in,
that, having already learned of Montgomery's failure, he found it
prudent to surrender with the few hundred men still clinging to him.
The Americans elsewhere in the field hastily withdrew to their camp,
and Carleton was too suspicious of the townspeople to dare to take any
further advantage of his success.
The command of the Americans now devolved on Lieutenant-Colonel Donald
Campbell, who sent an express to Wooster at Montreal, urging him to
come and take the control. That general thought it more prudent to
hold Montreal as a base,[487] and remained where he was, while he
forwarded the dismal news to his superior, Schuyler, at Albany, who had
quite enough on his hands to overawe Sir John Johnson and the Tories
up the Mohawk. The succession of Wooster to the command in Canada
boded no good to the New York general, and led to such crimination and
recrimination between the two that Congress, towards spring (1776),
took steps to relieve Schuyler of the general charge of the campaign.
Thomas, who had rendered himself conspicuous in driving the British
from Boston, was made a major-general (March 6), and was ordered to
take the active command in Canada. A New England general for troops in
the main from those colonies seemed desirable, and Thomas was certainly
the best of those furnished by Massachusetts during the early days of
the war.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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