Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 6 (of 8): The United States of North America, Part I
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 6 (of 8): The United States of North America, Part I
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
Meanwhile Arnold, amid the snows, was audaciously seeming to keep up
the siege of Quebec in his little camp, three miles from the town.
Small-pox was beginning to make inroads on his little army, scarce at
some periods exceeding five hundred effective men. Wooster finally
came from Montreal on the first of April, and assumed command. For the
influence intended to soothe and gain the Canadians to pass from the
courtly Montgomery to the rigid and puritanical Wooster was a great
loss, and it soon became manifest in the growing hostility of the
people of the neighboring country. It was by such a pitiful force that
Carleton allowed himself to be shut up in Quebec for five months.
This was the condition of affairs when a commission, consisting of
Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Chase, and Charles Carroll, was sent by
Congress, with delegated powers, to act with prompter decision on
the spot.[488] They reached Albany early in April, and found Thomas,
from Boston, already there. So the two generals, Schuyler and Thomas,
pushed on ahead of the commissioners, and, with the reinforcements now
setting towards Canada, before and behind them, it seemed as if a new
vigor might be exerted upon the so far disastrous Northern campaign.
Thomas directed his course to Quebec, while the commissioners went to
Montreal, where they found the most gloomy apprehensions existing, and
were soon convinced that, without hard money and troops, Canada must be
relinquished. Franklin returned to Philadelphia to impress this upon
Congress, while Schuyler was at his wits' ends to find men, provisions,
and money to send forward, till Congress should act.
Washington, by this time in New York with the troops which had
forced the evacuation of Boston, yielded to the orders of Congress,
and sent Sullivan of New Hampshire with a brigade, carrying money
and provisions, to reinforce the wretched army in Canada, thereby
diminishing, with great risk, his own force to less than 5,000 men.
Thomas had at this time reached Quebec (May 1), where he found, out
of the 1,900 men constituting the beleaguering army, only about a
thousand not in hospital, and scarcely five hundred of these were
effective troops. It was necessary to do something at once, for the
breaking ice told the American general that a passage was preparing
for a British fleet, which was known to be below. Plans for an assault
on the town miscarried, and while Thomas was beginning to remove his
sick preparatory to a retreat, three British men-of-war appeared in the
basin. They landed troops, and gave Carleton an opportunity to hang
upon the rear of the retreating invaders, and pick up prisoners and
cannon. He did not pursue them far.[489]
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