Narrative of a Voyage to the West Indies and Mexico in the Years 1599-1602Champlain, Samuel de
History
Narrative of a Voyage to the West Indies and Mexico in the Years 1599-1602
Champlain, Samuel de
Mexico -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800; West Indies -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
Eight days afterwards, we arrived at St. Jean de Luz,[55] which is the
first port of New Spain, where the galleons of the king of Spain go
every year to be laden with gold, silver, precious stones, and
cochineal, to take to Spain.
[55] The fort or castle of San Juan d'Ulloa is evidently meant,
but whether it bore that name when Champlain was there, or
whether he confounded the St. Jean de Luz of Spain with San Juan
d'Ulloa, is a moot point. In Mercator and Hondius's maps,
Amsterdam, 10th edition, 1628, St. Juan d'_Uloa_ (Ulloa) is
placed on the twenty-sixth degree of north latitude, at the mouth
of the river "Lama" (Rio del Norte). The town of Villa Rica, is
laid down in the actual position of Vera Cruz, but no mention of
either St. Juan de Luz, or d'Ulloa; and in Gage's _Voyage with
the Spanish Fleet to the West Indies and Mexico_, 1625, it is
styled Sñ Juan d'Ulhua, otherwise Vera Cruz.
"The proper name of the town is Sñ Juan d'Ulhua, otherwise Vera
Cruz, from the old harbour of Vera Cruz, which is six leagues
from it. But the harbour of the old Vera Cruz being found too
dangerous for ships, on account of the violence of the north
wind, it was entirely abandoned by the Spaniards, who went to St.
Juan d'Ulhua, where their vessels found a safe anchorage by means
of a rock which serves as a strong defence against the winds; and
in order to perpetuate the memory of this happy adventure,
chancing on a Good Friday, to the name of St. Juan d'Ulhua they
added that of the True Cross, taken from the first harbour, which
was discovered on the Holy Friday of the year 1519."--Gage's
_Voyage to Mexico_, etc., 1625.
The said port of St. Jean de Luz is fully four hundred leagues from
Porto-rico. On the island, there is a very good fortress, as well by
its situation, as by its good ramparts, well furnished with all that is
necessary; and there are two hundred soldiers in the garrison, which
are enough for the place. This fortress comprises all the island, which
is six hundred paces long, and two hundred and fifty paces wide;
besides which fortress there are houses built on piles in the water;
and for more than six leagues at sea, there are only shallows, which
cause that ships cannot enter this port, if they do not well know the
entrance of the channel, for which entrance you must steer to the
south-west; but it is certainly the most dangerous port that can be
found, and there is no shelter, excepting on the north side of the
fortress; in the walls of the fort are numerous rings of bronze, where
the vessels are moored, which are sometimes so crowded together, that
when it blows from the north, which is very dangerous, the said vessels
are much crushed, although they are moored fore and aft.[56]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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