Narrative of an Expedition Through the Upper Mississippi to Itasca Lake, the Actual Source of This River: Embracing an Exploratory Trip Through the St. Croix and Burntwood (or Broule) RiversSchoolcraft, Henry Rowe
History
Narrative of an Expedition Through the Upper Mississippi to Itasca Lake, the Actual Source of This River: Embracing an Exploratory Trip Through the St. Croix and Burntwood (or Broule) Rivers
Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe
Dakota Indians; Indians of North America -- Government relations; Minnesota -- Description and travel; Mississippi River -- Discovery and exploration; Natural history -- Minnesota; Ojibwa Indians; Ojibwa language; Saint Croix River (Wis. and Minn.); United States -- Discovery and exploration
But there is no space for these reminiscences. Many scattered parties
of Chippewas were encountered east of this point, interspersed with the
loaded boats of the traders, bringing out their annual returns. Some of
the parties were bound to the British post of Penetanguishine, others,
to St. Mary’s or Michilimackinac. Chi Waishki, the chief above alluded
to, was met at Keweena, on his way to visit the Agency. He expressed
his regret that the agent would not be there, evinced a strong interest
in the object of the expedition, and presented a peace-pipe, as the
evidence of his friendship. At the mouth of the river Brule, a small
party of the Chippewas was encountered, from the sources of the
Mississippi. It turned out to be the family of Ozawindib, one of the
principal Chippewas, from Cass Lake. He was persuaded to return, and
proved himself to be a trusty and experienced guide through the most
remote and difficult parts of the route.
The expedition entered the mouth of the St. Louis river on the
23d of June. The ascent of this stream is attended with separate
portages of nine, and of three miles. There is, finally, a portage
of six miles across a sandy tract, which separates the Lake Superior
from the Mississippi waters, making 18 miles of land carriage. The
other portions of the route consist of rapid water, much of which is
shallow and interspersed with sharp rocks, requiring both strength and
dexterity in the men to manage the canoes, and to repair them when
injured. A part of the summit portage, immediately after quitting the
Savanne river, consists of bog, the sod of which being cut through,
it becomes necessary to wade in a pathway of mud and water, portions
of which, are mid-thigh deep. The entire distance from Lake Superior
to the Mississippi, estimating from water to water, is 150 miles. The
expedition spent about ten days on this part of the route, and reached
the trading house of Mr. Aitkin, on the banks of the Mississippi, on
the 3rd of July. It remained there, until the evening of the 4th,
giving Lieut. Allen, who was in command of the troops, an opportunity
to fire a salute in honor of the day, to the no small gratification of
the Indians, who, being apprized of the occasion, thronged the banks of
the river to witness the ceremony.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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