Importance of Chile for German emigration.--First impressions of Valparaiso.--Stroll through the city.--Commercial relations of Chile with Australia and California.--Quebrada de Juan Gomez.-- The roadstead.--The Old Quarter and Fort Rosario.--Cerro Algre.-- Fire Companies.--Abadic's nursery-garden.--Campo Santo.--The German community and its club.--A compatriot festival in honour of the _Novara_.--Journey to Santiago de Chile.--University.-- National Museum.--Observatory.--Industrial and agricultural schools.--Professor Don Ignacio Domey Ko.--Audience of the President of the Republic.--Don Manuel Montt and his political opponents.--Family life in Santiago.--Excursion trip on the southern railroad.--Maipú Bridge.--Melepilla.--The Hacienda of Las Esmeraldas.--Chilean hospitality.--Return to Valparaiso.-- Quillota.--The German colony in Valdivia.--Colonization in the Straits of Magellan.--Ball at the Austrian Consul-general's in honour of the _Novara_.--Extraordinary voyage of a damaged ship.--Departure of the _Novara_.--Voyage round Cape Horn.--The Falkland Islands.--The French corvette _Eurydice_.--The Sargasso sea.--Encounter with a merchant-ship in the open ocean.--Hopes disappointed and curiosity excited.--Passage through the Azores channel.--A vexatious calm. 280 CHAPTER XXII. AN OVERLAND JOURNEY FROM VALPARAISO TO GIBRALTAR, VIÂ THE ISTHMUS OF PANAMA. Departure from Valparaiso.--Coquimbo.--Caldera.--Cobija.-- Iquique.--Manufacture of saltpetre.--Arica.--Port d'Islay.-- _Medanos_, or wandering sand-hills.--Chola.--Pisco.--The Chincha or Guano Islands.--Remarks respecting the Guano or Huanu beds.-- Callao.--Lima.--Carrion crows, the principal street-scavengers.-- Churches and Monasteries.--Hospitals.--Charitable institutions.-- Medical College.--National Library.--Padre Vigil.--National Museum.--The Central Normal School.--Great lack of intellectual energy.--Ruins of Cajamarquilla.--Chorillos.--Temple to the Sun at Pachacamác.--River Rimac.--Amancaes.--The new prison.-- Bull-fights.--State of society in Peru.--The _Coca_ plant, and the latest scientific examination respecting its peculiar properties.--The _China_, or Peruvian-bark tree.--Departure from Lima.--Lambajeque.--Indian village of Iting.--Païta.--Island of La Plata.--Taboga Island.--Impression made by the intelligence of Humboldt's death.--Panama.--"Opposition" Line.--Immense traffic.--The Railway across the Isthmus.--Aspinwall.-- Carthagena.--St. Thomas.--Voyage to Europe on board the R.M.S. _Magdalena_.--Falmouth.--Southampton.--London.--Rejoin the _Novara_ at sea.--Arrival at Gibraltar. 337 CHAPTER XXIII. FROM GIBRALTAR TO TRIESTE.