Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the Seventeenth Century, Vol. IIEvliya Çelebi
History
Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the Seventeenth Century, Vol. II
Evliya Çelebi
Caucasus, South -- Description and travel; Istanbul (Turkey) -- Description and travel; Turkey -- History
There are many other languages and dialects besides, but I have quoted
only some words which I acquired in the course of trading; I have
written them as I could, but there is a great difference between the
speaking and writing, the pronunciation being extremely difficult,
like the chirping of birds. A great deal of judgment and sagacity is
required to converse with them, but a traveller who knows something
of the world, and of God, and desires to travel quietly, must have a
sufficient idea of every language to understand whether good or evil
is intended to him, whether they are going to offer him bread or a box
of the ear; the proverb says, “Men speak according to their intellect,
and, therefore, it is very prudent to learn some languages for the
use of the world;” such a man easily makes his way through strange
countries, and returns safely into port.
We left the harbour of the Kútassí, and at the end of two days journey
along the seacoast, reached the castle of Anapa. It is said that
Alexander the Great, when commanded by God to build the wall of Gog
and Magog, arrived at this place, he was so much pleased with its air
and situation, that he built here a pentagon castle of immense stones
(Shedádí, Cyclopean); the room of the diván was paved with rubies,
emeralds, turquoises and cornelians, and for that reason was called
the Castle Kevherpaí Anapaí. It afterwards fell into the hands of the
Genoese, and when Timúr laid waste the towns of Dadián, Heshdek, and
other towns amounting altogether to the number of seven hundred, in
his expedition against Tokhatmish the Lord of Crimea, he also wasted
the suburbs of the castle of Anapa, but the castle itself was spared.
In the reign of Sultán Bayazíd II., the great Vezír Gedek Ahmed Páshá,
leading the expedition against Kaffa, took this castle also from the
Genoese, and put troops into it. It is situated at the extremity of
the Cape which divides the territory of the Abáza from Circassia, on
a clay cliff; it is a strong castle without a garrison, and has been
several times ransacked by the Cossacks of the Tanais. Outside of the
castle are one hundred and fifty houses built of reed; this village is
called Kabák. North of the castle are the mountains of Anapa. The ships
which go to Assov sail past these mountains, which extend as far as the
Cossacks of Assov. The castle of Anapa is well built, and in such good
preservation, that it appears as if it had just come out of the hands
of the builder. Sheep and goats are kept inside during the winter.
According to the description of Demir-oghlí Osmán Páshá, Anapa is the
seat of a Voivode of the sanjak of Tamán in the province of Caffa. The
people of Shefákí, which is the name of the inhabitants, only pay their
tithes at the point of the halberd, and are three hundred rebellious
subjects. This castle has a large port where a thousand ships tied
together with one rope may ride in safety. It is a large harbour,
sheltered against the wind from all quarters.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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