Natural History of the Ornate Box Turtle, Terrapene ornata ornata AgassizLegler, John M.
Science
Natural History of the Ornate Box Turtle, Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz
Legler, John M.
Ornate box turtle
plastral length, AB¹ the length of any given growth-ring, and X the
plastral length at the time growth-ring AB¹ was formed, the plastral
length of this individual was 29.3 millimeters at hatching, 38.8 at
the end of the first full season of growth, and 47.2, 53.2, 59.6,
62.1, and 71.0 millimeters at the end of the first, second, third,
fourth, fifth, and sixth seasons of growth, respectively. The present
length of the abdominal (14.9 mm.) indicates an increment of three
millimeters in plastral length in the seventh season, up to the time
the turtle was killed (June 25). This method of studying growth in
turtles was first used by Sergeev (1937) and later more extensively
used by Cagle (1946 and 1948) in his researches on _Pseudemys
scripta_. Because the plastron is curved, no straight-line measurement
of it or its parts can express true length. Cagle (1946 and 1948)
minimized error by expressing plastral length as the sum of the
laminal (or growth-ring) lengths. This method was not possible in the
present study because growth-rings on parts of one or more laminae
(chiefly the gulars and anals) were usually obliterated by wear, even
in young specimens. It was necessary to express plastral length as the
sum of the lengths of forelobe and hind lobe.
The abdominal lamina was selected for study because of its length
(second longest lamina of plastron), greater symmetry, and flattened
form. Although the abdominal is probably subject to greater, over-all
wear than any other lamina of the shell, wear is even, not localized
as it is on the gulars and anals.
In instances where some of the growth-rings on an abdominal lamina
were worn but other rings remained distinct, reference to other, less
worn lamina permitted a correct interpretation of indistinct rings.
Abdominal laminae were measured at the interlaminal seam; since the
laminae frequently did not meet perfectly along the midline (and were
of unequal length), the right abdominal was measured in all specimens.
Growth-rings on the abdominal laminae were measured in the manner
shown in Plate 22.
Data were obtained for an aggregate of 1272 seasons of growth in 154
specimens (67 females, 48 males, and 39 of undetermined sex, chiefly
juveniles). Averages of calculated plastral length were computed in
each year of growth for specimens of known sex (Figs. 9 and 10) and
again for all specimens examined. Annual increment in plastral length
was expressed as a percentage of plastral length at the end of the
previous growing season (Fig. 11). Increment in plastral length for
the first season of growth was expressed as a percentage of original
plastral length because of variability of growth in the season of
hatching; growth increments in the season following hatching are,
therefore, not so great as indicated in Figure 11.
Growth of Juveniles
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