Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4 — John Shaqi
Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4Wright, Julia McNair
Science
Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4
Wright, Julia McNair
Nature study -- Juvenile literature; Readers
What was this Dawn Animal like? So far as can be judged from the
fossil, it was a very large creature, soft and gelatinous like a
jelly-fish.[5] It had a stem by which it was fastened to the bottom
of warm, shallow seas. Thus it never moved from its place, but swayed
with the moving waters, and perhaps had the power of expanding and
contracting itself. Like the mollusks,[6] the Eozoön wanted a house for
its delicate body. Therefore, as it swayed to and fro, it collected
from the water carbonate of lime, and covered itself with a thin
shell or crust. As it continued to grow it continued to cover itself
with crust after crust of lime. This lime crust was not a solid
mail over Eozoön; it was rather like a fine net or sieve through the
pores of which could pass the jelly-like threads or filaments whereby
the creature collected lime and food. But here we are led to another
discovery. If the Eozoön was a living animal, it must have had food
to nourish it, and living creatures feed upon animal or vegetable
substances.[7] Therefore in these warm seas there must have been minute
animal or vegetable organisms which Eozoön could gather with its long
nets or lines, as it grew at the bottom of the sea. Was the Eozoön
beautiful? We cannot speak positively; but as we find no age of the
world when there was not beauty of form and color, as we see beauty
often followed as an end in creation, we may suppose that the Eozoön
had gay colors and looked like some great vivid flower waving upon its
stem in the water.[8]
There are beds of limestone in the Laurentian rocks, which bear
indications of former animal life. Also in the Laurentian rocks there
are beds of iron ore, and these have been supposed to indicate that
there was some vegetation in the Laurentian period. Now as in the
Laurentian period the Eozoic age shows us vast beds of iron, graphite,
and limestone, we may suppose that there were in the warm waters of
that era great beds of eozoön like the coral reefs of to-day. In the
deep seas of the present age there are myriads of little creatures
called foraminifera; and though we have found no trace of these in the
earliest rocks, it may be that the first ocean swarmed with them and
that they were then busy building limestone strata just as they are
busy now.
During the Eozoic age the warm, turbid ocean that nearly covered the
globe constantly deposited sediment, and at last the thin earth-crust
gave way under the strain and weight upon it. The earth-crust
collapsed, or fell in, as a great floor which has been overburdened.
We sometimes hear of the floors of large rooms which give way under
some heavy strain. If we go to see a place where such an accident has
occurred, we shall notice how flooring and timbers do not fall flat,
as a whole, but are crushed and crowded together sidewise or edgewise.
When the Laurentian continent sank, many of its ranges and beds of rock
were bent and tilted in this fashion, and we so find them to-day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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