Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4Wright, Julia McNair
Science
Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4
Wright, Julia McNair
Nature study -- Juvenile literature; Readers
Once people said that the mole had no eyes, and needed none, as it
lived in the dark underground. But it has two very small, jet black
eyes, deeply hidden in its lovely thick fur and covered by a fold of
skin. The nostrils and ears of the mole are almost as closely hidden,
but internally well developed. We may say then that the creature has
sight, somewhat limited and imperfect, but sense of hearing and smell
very keen. We can see how wise it is that these delicate organs, the
eyes, ears, and nostrils, should be well protected by the thick fur, as
the mole burrows underground.
The body of the mole is entirely covered with soft, close, even, fine
fur of a deep drab or mouse color, nearly black. No lady dressed in
plush was ever more richly arrayed than this little burrower. The tail
is short and scantily covered with hair; the legs are very short and
strong, and set close to the body. The fore limbs or arms are furnished
with broad, flat, five-fingered hands, set with the palms turned
outward, so that as the mole digs, it throws the earth to the right and
left. The palms of these hands are very singular; they are somewhat
callous, of a rose pink, and the fingers are webbed up to the strong,
curved nails.
When the animal is removed from the earth the snout and palms soon
become peculiarly dry, and this evidently causes pain and irritation.
The hind-feet are only about one-quarter the size of the hands. They
are webbed, but are not so strong, and have more slender nails.
The broad front feet, or hands, fitted for digging, indicate the
underground life of the mole; the webbing of the hands and feet
suggest, what we find to be true, that the mole is a good swimmer.
Indeed, it often goes from the mainland to islands in lakes, rivers, or
ponds to dig out its home.
Wet or stony land does not suit the mole, because it cannot dig its
rooms and galleries in such soil. Fertile fields that have been
cultivated and loosened by spade and plough are its favorite haunts. It
is very wonderful that such a small, soft creature can move and disturb
so much earth.
Every mole lives alone and builds for itself an elaborate and
comfortable home. This house consists of a central dome, where the
earth is well packed and beaten to prevent the percolation of water. A
bed made of leaves, grass, and vegetable stems is placed in this room.
Around this dome wind and radiate seven or eight long galleries or
tunnels, which break off and pass into each other in a curious fashion,
so that there is no direct line of approach to the dome. It is evident
that this labyrinth of galleries is designed to make the dome safe from
intruders, and to enable the mole to elude pursuit.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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