Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4Wright, Julia McNair
Science
Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4
Wright, Julia McNair
Nature study -- Juvenile literature; Readers
Ceres, the first-found asteroid, is so small that one hundred and
twenty-five thousand little worlds of its size could be made out of
our own world. Fifty little globes like Ceres, set side by side, would
form a line as long as the diameter of our world. As the mass of Ceres
is so much less than that of our world, the attraction of gravity is
less--anything is fifty times as heavy on our world as it would be on
Ceres. So if a boy could live on Ceres, and have as much muscular force
as he has here, he could play easily with a ball that here weighs a
quarter of a ton. A baby on Ceres could tumble about a cannon-ball as
easily as a baby here plays with a rubber ball. If a house fell over on
a man, he could set it up as easily as here he could set up a fallen
peach-basket. Of course it is only a play of fancy that there are men,
boys, or babies on Ceres. Perhaps there is no living thing there. If
there are living creatures, all their habits and ways of life must be
very different from ours. But if people from our earth could go to
Ceres, why would they find such wonderful differences there in weights,
and in the effect of an output of strength? We have seen that Ceres is
very much smaller than our earth; its mass is greatly less, and just
in proportion to the smallness of its mass is the force of the pull it
exerts over objects, or the attraction of gravitation; this attraction
is dependent upon the mass of the body exercising it, and upon the
distance of the body attracted. When the distance between two bodies is
great the attraction is weaker, and when a body is small its attracting
power is less in proportion. Ceres is such a small planet that its pull
over objects is small. Similarly, we might say of the planet Mars that
its mass is so small, as compared with that of the earth, that a body
which on the earth would weigh one hundred pounds would weigh much less
on Mars; and where you could jump up five feet here, you could rise
many feet there.
The best athlete who can make a jump here, can rise only a few feet
into the air; then down he comes, pulled by the force of gravity, the
attraction of the earth. But on Ceres attraction is so small an affair
that a man could jump over a dome as high as St. Peter’s or St. Paul’s
without creating any excitement. In fact, on Ceres a man would weigh
only one-fiftieth part what he weighs here, and the same output of
muscular activity as is used here would have a fifty-fold value. Much
the same conditions exist on the other asteroids.
When first discovered it was supposed that the asteroids were fragments
of some very large planet which had gone to pieces. That theory has
been disproved, and now the nebular hypothesis of Laplace is generally
admitted to account satisfactorily for these little planets.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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