In addition to these departments of the navy, there is a Hydrographic Department, charged with the care of the Observatory, correction of charts, and preparation of almanacs; the Permanent Artillery Commission, charged with all ordnance experiments; the Permanent Commission of Naval Constructions, charged with the examination of all modifications and improvements in the construction and outfit of war-vessels; the dock-yard at Trieste; and the arsenal at Pola. The iron-clads and large wooden vessels of the Austrian Navy are built in the private ship-yards of San Marco and San Rocco at Trieste, under the superintendence of constructing engineers. These yards are fully equal to building iron-clads of the largest type. Austria has no foreign squadrons in time of peace. Her foreign cruisers are wooden corvettes which make cruises of from one to two years’ duration. Her iron-clads are commissioned singly to cruise for short periods in the Adriatic. In time of war her whole iron-clad fleet is put in commission, the fleet being divided into squadrons of nine vessels each. BRAZIL. ==============================+============================= Almirante | Vice-Almirante | Chefe de Esquadra | Chefe de Divisão | Capitão de mar é guerra| Cirurgião-mór Capitão de fragata | Cirurgião de esquadran Capitão tenente | Cirurgião de divisão Primeiro tenente | Primeiro cirurgião Segundo tenente | Segundo cirurgião Guarda marinha | Pharmaceutico Aspirante | ==============================+============================= | | | | Commissario de numero de não | | Commissario de primeira classe| | Commissario de segunda classe | Machinista de primeira classe Commissario de terceira classe| Machinista de segunda classe | Machinista de terceira classe ------------------------------+-----------------------------