Recently metamorphosed young have snout-vent lengths of 12.7 to 16.7 mm. (average, 14.3 mm. in eleven specimens). Coloration of young in life (KU 68484 from Rio Chitaria, Cartago Province, Costa Rica): "Dorsum pale tan; side of head and flanks darker brown, separated from tan dorsum by an indistinct cream stripe. Limbs pale yellow; thighs flecked with brown; shank and tarsus yellowish tan with indistinct brown bars. Soles of feet brown. Belly white; throat dusty cream flecked with silvery white. Upper lip silvery white. Iris bright gold with black flecks. Heels, tarsal and anal stripes white" (Duellman, field notes, May 23, 1961). _Remarks._--Peters (1863:463) named _Hyla labialis_ from the "region of Bogota, Colombia", but in 1873 regarded his new species as identical with _Hyla phaeota_ Cope, 1862, from Turbo, Colombia. The name _Hyla labialis_ has been used for frogs from the northern Andes in Colombia (see Dunn, 1944:72, and Stebbins and Hendrickson, 1959:522, for discussion of nomenclature). Rivero (1961:131) used the name _Hyla vilsoniana_ Cope, 1899, for the frogs from the northern Andes previously referred to _Hyla labialis_. A review of the nomenclature and taxonomy of these frogs, which superficially resemble _Smilisca_ but are unrelated, is beyond the scope of the present study. _Hyla baudini dolomedes_ Barbour, 1923, is based on a small _Smilisca phaeota_ (MCZ 8539) having a snout-vent length of 45.5 mm. Dunn (1931a:413) placed _dolomedes_ in the synonymy of _Smilisca phaeota_. We have examined the holotype of _dolomedes_ and agree with Dunn's assignment. Smith (1953:150) described _Hyla phaeota cyanosticta_ from Guatemala. Our studies on the external morphology, coloration, and especially the cranial osteology provide evidence that _cyanosticta_ is a species distinct from _phaeota_. _Distribution._--_Smilisca phaeota_ inhabits humid tropical forests from northeastern Nicaragua southward on the Caribbean lowlands to elevations of about 1000 meters and on the Pacific lowlands of Costa Rica, exclusive of the arid regions of Guanacaste, throughout the lowlands of Panama, exclusive of the savannas of the Pacific lowland and the Azuero Peninsula, and southward on the Pacific slopes of South America through Colombia to west-central Ecuador; also the valleys of the Rio Cauca and Rio Magdalena in Colombia (Fig. 2). _Specimens examined._--528, as follows: NICARAGUA: =Matagalpa=: Finca Tepeyac, 10 km. N, 9 km. E Matagalpa, KU 85439, 87707 (tadpoles); Matagalpa, MCZ 3546-7, UMMZ 92367; 19 km. N Matagalpa, UMMZ 116495-6. Zelaya: Bonanza, KU 84854-62, 84950-2 (skeletons), 85440-50, 87708-9 (tadpoles); Cukra, AMNH 80618; Rio Mico, 16 km. E Recreo, UMMZ 79711 (6), 79712 (4); junction Rio Mico and Rio Siguia, UMMZ 79713 (10); Rio Siguia, 11 km. NW Rama, UMMZ 79714 (14), 79715 (11), 79716 (21), 79717, 79718 (3).