2. Was the failure to obtain results by long years of treatment due to “drug fastness” of the spirochetes? It has been held that the organism of syphilis will develop an immunity after a time to mercury and arsenic preparations. This led Fournier to recommend intermittent treatment as more efficient than continuous treatment. Noguchi has shown that in test tube experiments, the spirochetes develop a tolerance to increasing doses of arsenic. It must be emphasized, however, that this finding has not been established for the conditions _in vivo_. Another explanation of the failure of treatment in certain instances has been offered by McDonagh, who describes a life cycle of the organism of syphilis under the name of _cytorrhyctes luis_, of which he believes the spirochete to be merely one form, the other forms not being affected by arsenic or mercury. =Some results of systematic intravenous salvarsan therapy in PARETIC NEUROSYPHILIS (“general paresis”) are partial in the sense that with clinical recovery the laboratory tests remain partially or less strongly positive.= =Case 117.= Annie Martin was a charwoman, 37 years of age. She had applied for relief at a general hospital, to which she was admitted on the suspicion of nephritis; but upon admission she became markedly excited and noisy, and spoke of seeing angels and hearing God speak to her. As the attendants were unable to quiet her, she was promptly transferred to the Psychopathic Hospital. She maintained that she had been sent to the Psychopathic Hospital through the spite of the general hospital doctors, and she claimed that other people were also attempting to work her harm for the purpose of taking her children from her. Visual and auditory hallucinations were marked, as was the patient’s loquacity, irritability, and flight of ideas. However, she seemed entirely oriented and her memory appeared to be intact. She was able to explain somewhat clearly her supposed condition. The voices told her that somebody was after her and that her soul belonged to the devil; that she was to be married but that her soul was to be damned. These voices probably belonged to priests. She was under the impression that she was going to be sent to an electric chair and said, “I think I am coming to the end and I want a pair of rosary beads before the end comes.” This patient’s pupils were markedly unequal and entirely stiff to light and accommodation. =Neurologically=, however, there were no other symptoms. There was a slight trace of albumin in the urine and there were no casts.