Perhaps, in closing, we owe an apology to John Milton for our borrowings from the two Paradises. Had he known much about syphilis, Milton might have written still stronger mottoes for us. E. E. SOUTHARD 74 FENWOOD ROAD _Boston, Massachusetts_ TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE SECTION I. THE NATURE AND FORMS OF SYPHILIS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM (NEUROSYPHILIS). CASES 1 TO 8 17 CASE 1. Paradigm: protean symptoms, nervous and mental. Autopsy, with meningeal, parenchymatous, and vascular lesions. 17 2. Tabes dorsalis (tabetic neurosyphilis). Autopsy 31 3. General paresis (paretic neurosyphilis). Autopsy 37 4. Cerebral thrombosis (vascular neurosyphilis). Autopsy 42 5. Juvenile paresis (juvenile paretic neurosyphilis). Autopsy 45 6. Extraocular palsy (focal meningeal neurosyphilis). Autopsy 50 7. Gumma of brain (gummatous neurosyphilis). Autopsy 53 8. _Meningitis hypertrophica cervicalis_ (gummatous neurosyphilis). Autopsy 56 SECTION II. THE SYSTEMATIC DIAGNOSIS OF THE FORMS OF NEUROSYPHILIS CASES 9 TO 38 63 CASE 9. Neurasthenia _versus_ neurosyphilis 63 10. Paretic neurosyphilis _versus_ manic-depressive psychosis 68 11. Neurosyphilis _versus_ manic-depressive psychosis 71 12. Dementia praecox _versus_ neurosyphilis. Autopsy 74 13. Neurosyphilis: negative Wassermann reaction (W. R.) of serum 77 14. Diffuse neurosyphilis: six tests apt to run mild 80 15. Paretic neurosyphilis: six tests strong 85 16. Taboparesis (tabetic neurosyphilis): tests like those of paresis 92 17. Paretic _versus_ diffuse neurosyphilis: confusion _re_ tests 97 18. Vascular neurosyphilis: positive serum, negative fluid W. R. 101 19. Seizures in diffuse neurosyphilis 103 20. Seizures in paretic neurosyphilis 106 21. Aphasia in paretic neurosyphilis 111 22. Aphasia in paretic neurosyphilis 115 23. Remission in paretic neurosyphilis 117 24. Remission in diffuse neurosyphilis 122 25. _Paresis sine paresi_ 126 26. Paretic neurosyphilis. Autopsy 131 27. Gummatous neurosyphilis. Operation 137 28. Extraocular palsy (cranial neurosyphilis) 140