We are not done with this confusing set of terms. _Brahm[=a]_ is the first person of the Hindu divine triad--the Creator--who along with the other two persons of the triad, has proceeded from a divine essence, _Brahma_ or _Brahm_. Brahma is Godhead or Deity: Brahm[=a], is _a_ Deity, a divine _person_ who has emanated from the Godhead, Brahma. _Br[=a]hmas_ or theists, believers in Brahma, are a religious body that originated in Bengal in the nineteenth century. Repudiating caste, idolatry, and transmigration, they are necessarily cut off from Hinduism. The body is called the Br[=a]hma Sam[=a]j, that is, the Theistic Association. Enough for the present; in their respective places these distinctions can be more fully gone into. CHAPTER VII NEW POLITICAL IDEAS I. A UNITING INDIA "There are many nations of the Indians, and they do not speak the same language." --HERODOTUS.[34] [Sidenote: The ideas of citizenship and public questions.] With modern education and the awakening of the Indian mind have come entirely new political ideas. That there are public questions has in fact been discovered; for in India the idea of citizenship, the consciousness of being a political unit, was itself a new idea. We may say that it was made possible in 1835, when an Act of Legislature was passed declaring the press free. In 1823 an English editor had been deported from Calcutta for free criticism of the authorities, but after 1835 it was legal not merely to think but to speak on public questions. Before we pass on, we note the strange inverted sequence of events which may attend on fostered liberty. The right to criticise was bestowed before any right to be represented in the Legislature or Executive was enjoyed. In this freedom to criticise the acts of Government, the India of to-day is far ahead of countries like Germany and Russia. [Sidenote: Government exists for the good of the governed.]