Perhaps we ought to confine our operations to these domains, and so
we will almost exclusively; but the sun has been so long considered
as one of many millions of stars, and as part of what is now looked
upon as our universe, that we cannot help looking upon the whole as
having been the result of one act of creation; more especially as we
have no reason whatever for supposing it to have been built up piece
by piece; and whatever ideas we may form of our own little part of it,
we are bound to apply them to the whole. We may, therefore, lay the
foundations of our undertaking in the following manner. By creation we
mean only creation of nebulæ.
We shall suppose all space--if we can comprehend what that means--to
have been filled with the ether, and the law of attraction to have
been in force previous to the time when our operations are supposed to
have commenced. These we may consider to have been the first acts of
creation, or to have existed from all eternity. Then, in that part of
space occupied by our universe--even though it should extend infinitely
beyond the reach of our most powerful telescopes--we shall suppose the
work of creation to have begun by filling the whole of that space with
what are known as the chemical elements, reduced to their atomic state.
We do not want to have molecules or particles of matter, or meteorites
or meteors; because they involve the idea of previous manipulation or
agglomeration, but matter in its very simplest form, if there is any
more simple than the atomic. At this stage the most natural idea is to
suppose that the whole of this matter was at rest, without motion of
any kind, because we cannot understand how motion could be an object
of creation, but can very easily see how it might be of evolution; and
because, under the law of attraction, matter had the elements of motion
in itself. Under that law it is quite possible for us to comprehend
that all the suns of our universe could have been formed just as they
are, with all their movements of rotation, revolution in the cases of
multiple stars, and translation or what is called proper motion. And it
is within the bounds of possibility that future astronomers may be able
to show how these movements have been brought about, should it ever be
possible for them to find out and define with sufficient accuracy what
the translatory, or proper, motions are. Then, as for the temperature
of this newly created matter, we have no resource left but to suppose
that it must have been that of space, whatever that may have been then,
even as we have been obliged to say before.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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