There has been for long an opinion, which goes on increasing in
strength, that Science will ultimately reform Theology and put Religion
in its right place; but if such is to be the case, Science has to
begin by reforming itself and putting an end to error it has been, in
many cases, teaching for generations; and by ceasing to formulate new
theories, or bases of progress, which can be in many cases exploded
by suppressing some of the error just alluded to. Little advance is
made in science by forming hypotheses and theories, however brilliant
they may appear, unless they are carefully studied and thought out to
the very uttermost; because, if published abroad on the authority of
some celebrated or even well-known name, they have a tendency to stop
further investigation, and prevent students from exercising their own
judgment and perhaps discovering what they might possibly find out
were they to study them to the very end for their own satisfaction.
This is in some measure the case even with respect to the solar
system. We believe it can be shown that a more complete knowledge and
comprehension of it, and even of the universe, has been kept back by
the unquestioning acceptation by successive astronomers of the ideas
and conceptions of their predecessors.
We have to acknowledge, at the same time, that Astronomy could not
start into perfection at once, any more than any other science, and it
is not to be wondered at that in times past ideas relating to it should
have been formed without being properly thought out; even ideas that
could not be properly thought out to the end for want of the requisite
knowledge. But it is much to be regretted that such ideas should
continue to be published at the present day as trustworthy instruction
for readers who may look upon it as strictly correct. Among those who
read text-books even on Astronomy, there must be a very considerable
number who are rather surprised when they see statements made which do
not agree with what they were taught at school, or with what they have
practised in other sciences in their own professions or trades. It may
be said that any person of ordinary intelligence will easily be able to
correct such errors, but the evil does not stop here. If he can really
correct them he will most probably find as well, that his instructors
have been led into more serious errors, perhaps in more important
matters, founded on the ideas which they had not fully studied out
before giving them a place in their books. He may also find sometimes,
in his reading, such ideas brought forward to substantiate some theory,
just as far as they are required and then dropped, while a step or two
further forward in the examination of these same ideas, would have
exploded the theory altogether; because, although founded to a certain
extent on one law of nature, they are in contradiction with what is
laid down in some other law.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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