We do not want to discuss the point of whether the mutual collisions
of the molecules of a gas could get up such a velocity as would enable
them to free themselves from the attraction of the moon, for it looks
to us too much like one of those notions that are got up to account for
something that does not exist; but we do want to state our dissent to
the conclusion--evidently jumped at--that because there are hardly any
signs of there being air or water on our side of the moon, there can
be none on the other. No astronomer, physicist, scientist of any kind,
can prove that there is none, simply because he has never been round
there to see or make experiments to prove it; and if there is any one
bold enough to make such an assertion, it is only an example of how
stupendous a jump to a conclusion can be made.
When we first read, many years ago, some of the reasons given for there
being no water visible on the side of the moon constantly turned to
the earth, one of which was that if there ever had been any it must
have been absorbed into its body during the process of cooling and
consolidation; and when we had convinced ourselves, by placing two
oranges on two ends of a wire and revolving the one round the other,
that the moon did not rotate on its axis in any sense whatever, we
came to the conclusion that both water and air could be removed to the
far off hemisphere by centrifugal force. We thought this so simple,
so self-evident, and so indisputable an explanation, that every one
who had read what we had read must have come to the same conclusion;
so that we were not a little surprised when we saw it stated by "The
Times" of September 15, 1893, in its first report of the meeting of the
British Association for that year, that Sir Robert Ball had suggested,
some time previously, that the "absence of any atmosphere investing the
moon is a simple and necessary consequence of the kinetic theory of
gases." This at once made us suspect that the theory--our theory--must
have been new, but we could not altogether believe it. It seemed to us
passing strange that it should not have occurred to astronomers, from
the moment they discovered that they could not find any, or hardly any,
traces of air or water on the only hemisphere they could examine; but
it would appear from Sir Robert Ball's suggestion, being even discussed
at that meeting, that the notion of their having been removed simply by
centrifugal force to the unseen hemisphere, had never been entertained
by, to say the least, any one who was present at that discussion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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