Weequahic Park enlarged by 50 acres, 1908; Municipal Golf Course of 9 holes opened, 1914, and used by 14,000 players during 1915. Riverbank Park opened, 1911. Land cost $200,000. Essex Co. Park Commission Administration Building erected in Branch Brook Park, 1914. _Parkways_: Parking strips or green cultivated stretches running through street centers. First deeded to city, 1911. Originally constructed by private land companies. When taken over by the city, they came under the care of the Shade Tree Commission. These parkways to be found on Belmont, Chadwick, Fourth, Seymour, Hawthorne and Vassar Aves. and Heller Parkway, and a number of other streets. Park Ave. Parkway is under county park management. City parkways in 1919 add 8.58 acres to the park area. _Parochial Schools_: See Schools, Parochial _Passaic Valley Trunk Sewer_: Passaic River became so polluted by the sewage of Newark and other cities lying along its course from Paterson south, that in 1896 a movement was started by Paterson and Newark Boards of Trade, for the purification of the river. After 16 years of litigation, 15 municipalities joined in building a great trunk sewer to collect the sewage of towns in Passaic Valley District, carry it across Newark Bay and discharge it into upper New York Bay. Work began July, 1912, under direction of the Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission, authorized by act of N. J. Legislature, 1907. The cost, estimated at $12,000,000, will be met by assessments on the municipalities joined in the project. In 1919, 90% complete. _Paving_: See Street Paving _Physical Training_: Made an essential part of elementary school curriculum, Sept., 1904. _Playgrounds_: Until July, 1919, there were 3 systems of playgrounds in Newark: 1. Under Control of Bd. of Education, conducted on school grounds; 2. Under control of Essex Co. Park Commission on playfields in all county parks; 3. Under control of Dept. of Playgrounds, under the Bd. of Recreation Commissioners. The last are generally called "City Playgrounds". In July, 1919, control of the city playgrounds passed to the Bd. of Education, a transfer under active consideration for a number of months. _Playgrounds, City_: The Bd. of Playground Commissioners was established by act of N. J. Legislature, 1907, to provide playgrounds and recreation places. It was composed of 5 members appointed for 5 years. In 1915 the name was changed to Bd. of Recreation Commissioners, in charge of playgrounds and public baths. Under commission government this board was responsible to the Dept. of Public Affairs, but in 1919, as has been stated, control and ownership of the city playgrounds passed to the Bd. of Education in line with the carrying out of a comprehensive recreation program. 1. Canal St., Canal & Commerce Sts. 113' × 112'. Owned. Opened Oct. 1, 1907. 2. Prince St., Prince St. & Waverly Ave. 100' × 103'. Owned (partly). Opened May 1, 1908.