Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
I will not go through these wars. No memory is capable of retaining
them; and they are also deficient in authenticity, and that because
the historian, weary of them, has read and written them in too great
a hurry. After the Latin league, the enemy make a fierce onslaught,
without, however, conquering much. Circeii in the time of Sp. Cassius
is still a Latin town.
An event of relatively great importance for the Romans was the league
with the Hernicans (267). Isopolity must already have existed early,
if it be true, that under Tarquin the Proud these had a share in the
festival of Jupiter Latiaris. A Roman tradition even mentions them
as allies of Tullus Hostilius. After the humiliation of Rome by the
Etruscans, they must, like the Latins, and the Tyrrhenian towns on the
sea coast, have set themselves free. The league restored the relations
in a manner very advantageous for them. Romans, Latins, and Hernicans
were to be quite on the same footing; the booty, as well in money
as in land, was divided in equal shares; if a colony were sent out,
the colonists were taken from all the three. Whether the annalists
have rightly understood the matter,--Livy and Dionysius differ very
much from each other,--or whether they merely took it for granted
that whenever a peace is concluded, it must have been preceded by a
war, cannot be decided. Yet I am inclined to believe that the league
was brought about by mutual necessity, as both were hemmed in by the
Volscians and Æquians, and the fortified towns of the Hernicans were
of great consequence to the Romans: a war would at least have been
very absurd. The Hernicans dwelt in five towns, Anagnia, Alatrum,
Ferentina, Frusino, and Verulæ, remarkable for their Cyclopian
fortifications, and extending from the West to the East. According to
the statements in Servius and the Veronese scholiast on Virgil, whom
Mai has incorrectly edited, the Hernicans were a people sprung from the
Marsians and Sabines; their name is said to be derived from _hernæ_,
which in the Sabine language meant a rock, (Arndt compares to it the
German _Firn_[94]), so that they were mountaineers. But it is strange
that a people should in its own language have borne a mere epithet as
its name, especially as the Marsians, Marrucinians, and Pelignians
dwelt on much higher mountains. The Sabine descent of the Hernicans is
therefore somewhat suspicious; it might, however, be maintained, even
if the derivation of the name were a mere subtlety. Another difficulty
is this: if they have come forth from the Marsians, they must have
broken through the Æquians, which is altogether unlikely; and besides,
in the sequel they have no connexion whatever with the Marsians. Julius
Hyginus declares them to have been Pelasgians.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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