Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
milestones, happened to be on the same spot where Coriolanus encamped
as an exile, and the reconciliation took place. Now the supplication
of the mother and the matrons, which may be historical, was connected
with the name of the _Fortuna muliebris_; and it was believed that this
temple, the time of the building of which was known, had been erected
in consequence of that event. Yet _Fortuna muliebris_ corresponds with
_Fortuna virilis_, who had a temple in Rome, a male and a female deity,
as _Tellus_ and _Tellumo_. The same contraposition is also exhibited in
_animus_ and _anima_.[93]
Livy says that he would not be astonished if his readers felt tired of
the wars of the Volscians and Æquians. And indeed every one has this
feeling from the time when he first became acquainted with Livy. The
narrative spoils the elegance of the first decade. What has made these
wars so peculiarly troublesome to him, is the circumstance that he
does not distinguish between them, nor divide them into periods. With
the exception of what remains in Dionysius on the subject, he is the
only source we have, and so it is difficult for us to get a general
view of the events. The first period reaches down to the last years
of the decennium from 280 to 290. Its beginning is shrouded in great
darkness; the conquests of Tarquin the Proud are very vague. Afterwards
we find the Volscians under the name of Auruncians invading the Latin
territory; then follow a number of petty wars to about 290; in the last
years we see the Volscians in possession of Antium, though they soon
lose it again. In the second period the tables are turned: the Æquians
take an energetic part in the war of the Volscians; Latium is entirely
crushed; the war takes a very unfortunate turn for the Romans, Latins
and Hernicans. This lasts to about 296, when the Romans make peace
with the Volscians properly so called, and the danger is warded off.
In the third period, the Romans carry on the war singlehanded against
the Æquians: it has lost its dangerous character, and is on both sides
carried on very languidly. Then follows another Volscian war against
the Ecetrans, leagued with the Æquians. This fourth period is ushered
in by the great victory of A. Postumius Tubertus (324); from which time
the Romans keep advancing until the war with the Gauls, conquering
many Volscian towns, and weakening the Æquians. In the Gallic war the
Æquians also may have suffered much. Afterwards,--and this is the fifth
period,--the wars begin anew, but their character is quite different.
The Æquians are insignificant foes, and the Volscians amalgamated with
the Latins, fighting like them for their own independence.
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