Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
We have yet some remnants of discrepant accounts concerning the
downfall of the decemvirs. Quite different from ours is that of
Diodorus, which might have been borrowed from Fabius, did it not
contain a fact which is rather strange. According to this version, the
decision happened much sooner than Livy places it; on the day after
the occupation of the Aventine, peace had been already concluded.
According to Cicero, the secession lasted for a long time; nor does
he know anything of what Livy says about Valerius and Horatius having
been the mediators. Valerius he afterwards mentions as consul, and as
continually engaged in reconciling all parties. These are signs of
a discrepancy in the traditions, although the character of this age
was on the whole quite different from what it had been before, and
thoroughly historical. There is an account in Cicero that the plebeians
went from the Sacred Mount to the Aventine, which is certainly false.
They always occupied the Aventine; and the obscure Lex Icilia had also
probably reference to this point, that the Aventine should be excluded
from the union with Rome, and, as the peculiar seat of the plebeians,
be ruled by their own magistrates. We must therefore understand this
statement of his to mean, that the army had betaken itself to the _Mons
Sacer_, and that it had then marched to the towns, and united with the
men of its own order on the Aventine. The Capitol was given up to
the armed troops, and the circumstance of this surrender is a marked
proof of the difference of the then plebeians from those of forty years
before. The plebeians were conquerors to all intents and purposes.
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