Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 2 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
Upon the Carthaginians, the news of this building came quite
unexpectedly. They too had broken up their fleet on account of the
expense, and had confined themselves merely to what was strictly
necessary; nor had they at Carthage any notion of making extraordinary
sacrifices, as was done at Rome. They therefore equipped in all haste
what ships they had, in order to convey reinforcements and provisions
to Lilybæum, Drepana, and Eryx. These vessels, even those which were
ships of war, laden with corn, and manned with marines who were by no
means picked, arrived at the Ægatian islands, from whence they were to
cross over to the coast, along which the Roman fleet was then cruising.
The plan of the Carthaginians was, after having landed, to take in the
best troops of Hamilcar as marines, and then to risk a sea-fight. The
Roman fleet was under the command of the consul C. Lutatius Catulus,
and of the prætor Q. Valerius Falto. They also had their doubts. A
battle could not be avoided; it was therefore best to attack at once,
while the Carthaginian ships were still heavily laden. Corn, when it is
only pitched in loosely, and not put into sacks, is a very bad cargo,
as it shifts with every wind. If then these were allowed to land, they
would return with lightened ships, and with marines from Hamilcar’s
army who were not afraid of fighting the Romans; yet the true advantage
of the latter was indeed in the lightness of their galleys and the
excellence of their troops. There was only this objection, that the
Carthaginians had the wind in their favour, whilst the Romans would
have with great difficulty to bear up against them with their oars,--a
circumstance which among the ancients was very unfavourable in a
sea-fight, as a ship which was going against the wind, offered a much
greater surface to the stroke of the enemy. Hanno, the Carthaginian
general, tried to cross over with full sails, and perhaps also with
oars (the ancients had latteen sails); thus they came upon the Romans
with double force, and it seemed a great risk for the latter to accept
the battle. Nevertheless they did not shrink from it. The Carthaginians
were hardly able to move their ships, and the bad condition of their
troops gave the Romans such an advantage, that they won a complete
victory. Both had played their last stake, so that the Carthaginians
were ruined. The Romans took seventy of their ships, sank a number of
them, and scattered the rest.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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