[189] _Time’s Alteration_, cited in Sandy’s _Christmas-Tide_. [190] Cf. Molineux, _Burton-on-Trent_. [191] _Hist. of Eng._, chap. xviii. [192] _Ibid._ chap. xx. [193] See the letter of Erasmus Lewis to Swift, dated Whitehall, July 27, 1714. [194] _English Humourists_, 1858. [195] _Spectator_, No. 243. [196] Cf. _Wine and Spirit Adulterations Unmasked_. The chapter on ‘Sophistication of Wines’ in Redding’s _Modern Wines_. _The Vintner’s and Licensed Victualler’s Guide_, by a Practical Man. _Art of Brewing_ (Library of Useful Knowledge). Alex. Morrice, _Practical Treatise on Brewing_. Samuel Child, _Every Man his own Brewer_. Edward Lonsdale Bennet, _Practical Notes on Wine_. Professor G. Mulder, _Chemistry of Wine_. Others may be found by reference to the chapter, ‘Bibliography.’ [197] _Essay on English Poetry._ [198] Monk’s _Life_, vol. ii. p. 401. [199] Jebb’s _Bentley_, p. 105. [200] Monk, _Life of Bentley_, i. 264. [201] The river Cam. [202] Viz. ‘now retired into harbour, after the tempests that had long agitated his society.’ So _Scriblerus_. But the learned _Scipio Maffei_ understands it of a certain wine called _Port_ from _Oporto_, a city of Portugal, of which this professor invited him to drink abundantly. Scip. Maff. _de compotationibus Academicis_. [203] London, 1708. [204] _View of Ancient Laws against Immorality and Prophaneness._ 1729. [205] CXXXV. CHAPTER XI. HANOVERIAN PERIOD. A change of dynasty brought with it no amelioration of manners. The fatal permission to set up distilleries, which was granted after the Revolution of 1688, and which was not withdrawn by William, was encouraged by the Legislature in the reign of the first George. The consequence was natural: distilleries multiplied, and drink was sold so cheap that unrestrained indulgence prevailed. The condition of things has been ably recorded by Mr. Lecky.[206] It was not till about 1724 that the passion for gin-drinking infected the masses of the population, and spread with the violence of an epidemic.