We have, moreover, to ask why that on which the world's salvation
depended should have been withheld so long and communicated to so few.
There remains of the Old Testament, besides its vast historical
interest, much that morally still impresses and exalts us. Of the New
Testament there remains the moral ideal of Christ, our faith in which
no uncertainty as to the authors of the narratives, or mistrust of them
on account of the miraculous embellishment common in biographies of
saints, need materially affect. The moral ideal of Christ conquered
the ancient world when the Roman, mighty in character as well as in
arms, was its master. It has lived through all these centuries, all
their revolutions and convulsions, the usurpation, tyranny, and
scandals of the Papacy. The most doubtful point of it, considered as a
permanent exemplar, is its tendency, not to asceticism, for Christ came
"eating and drinking," but to an excessive preference for poverty and
antipathy to wealth which would arrest human progress and kill
civilization. We have, however, a Nicodemus and a Joseph of Arimathea,
as well as a Dives and a Lazarus. Nothing points to a Simeon Stylites.
Self-denial, though not asceticism proper, is a necessary part of the
life of a wandering preacher, which also precluded the exhibition of
domestic virtues. The relation of Jesus with his family seems to have
been hardly domestic; we have no record of any communication between
him and Joseph; in his last hour he provides a retreat for his mother.
We cannot appeal from reason to faith. Faith is confidence, and for
confidence there must be reason. The faith to which appeal is made is
in fact an emotion rather than an intellectual conviction.
But apart from the Bible, have we any revelation of the nature, the
will, the unity, the existence of deity? It must apparently be owned
that, though we tremble at the thought, we have none. We are left upon
this shore of time gazing into infinity and eternity without clue or
guidance except such as we can gain either by inspection of our own
nature with its moral indications and promptings or by studying the
order of the universe.
We find in man, it is true, a natural belief in deity, which we might
think was implanted by his creator; but it is not found in all men, and
in the lower races it assumes forms often so low and grotesque that we
cannot imagine its origin to have been divine. Between the God of the
Christian and the god of the red Indian there is, saving mere force, no
affinity whatever. This we must frankly own to ourselves. The god of
the Mexican demanded human sacrifice.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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