Strange to say the idea was immediately pronounced impracticable when he mentioned it and it was necessary for him to go through a long fight to obtain permission to make a trial. The experiment was from the first successful but the mill burned one Saturday night, having supposedly been set afire by workmen who feared loss of their jobs. Rebuilt and manned by new workmen it ran with success. The succeeding ten years saw the “three-high” type of mill come into extensive use both in America and Europe. Elevating or tilting tables have since been provided which mechanically raise the piece to the upper rolls, thereby relieving the workmen of this duty, which, with the great increase in size of ingots and pieces rolled soon became very arduous. To-day the “three-high” mill is just as important as ever. The Reversing Mill Having a fly wheel for the storing-up of power, the rolls must keep turning continuously in the established direction. In England, Nasmyth—the same man who invented the steam hammer—suggested that the fly wheel be dispensed with and the two-high rolls reversed after each pass. The piece would go back to the roller’s side receiving work in a regular pass on the way, just as in the three-high return. The idea was developed by Mr. Ramsbottom of the London and Northwestern Railway Company. By the use of powerful enough engines the desired end was accomplished and this type is now quite generally used for very heavy ingots which it is not economical to lift by tilting tables in the three-high mill process. There are certain other advantages also. The above are the three general types of mills. “Breaking-Down” the Ingot Whether it is to be sold in intermediate shapes or further rolled down into a finished product, all ingots have to be “cogged” or broken down into intermediate-sized slabs, blooms or billets, for an ingot contains altogether too much steel for any single plate, rail, rod, or other finished product. The cogging or first rolling is accomplished in one of the three types of rolls already described but now more generally in the reversing mill. [Illustration: INGOT COMING OUT OF THE “SOAKING PIT” ]