CHAPTERS XX & XXI “Modern Welded Pipe,” National Tube Co., Pittsburg, Pa. “The Control of Quality in Every Process,” A. M. Byers Co., Pittsburg, Pa. “Seamless Tubing, Bulletin No. 17–A”, National Tube Co., Pittsburg, Pa. “The Manufacture of Iron and Steel Tubes,” E. C. R. Marks, Van Ostrand & Co., New York. CHAPTERS XXII & XXIII “The Metallography of Steel and Cast Iron,” H. M. Howe, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. “The Metallography and Heat Treatment of Iron and Steel,” Albert Sauveur, Sauveur and Boylston, Cambridge, Mass. “Metallic Alloys: Their Structure and Constitution,” G. H. Gulliver, Charles Griffin & Co., Ltd., London. INDEX Acid linings for furnaces, 139, 156 Allotropic modifications of iron, 322 Alloy steels, 232 Ammonia from coke ovens, 49 Analysis, chemical, 165 Annealing malleable cast iron, 203 cast steel, 220 tool steels, 109, 233, 333 tubes, 307 wire, 285 Bar, Merchant, 154 muck, 99 Basic linings for furnaces, 139, 156, 230 Beehive charcoal, 38 coke, 44 Benzol, 49 Bessemer, Sir Henry, 123 steel, =123=, 226 Black heart malleable iron, 209 Blast, 1, 11, 52, 58, 172 Blast furnace, 9, 10, 52 Blister steel, 117 Blowing of Bessemer steel, 128, 225 Boyden, Seth, 196 Busheled iron, 105 Butt-welded pipe, 293 By-products, 42, 47 Carbon, effect of, on iron, 8, 74, 83, 86, 109, 116, 180, 198, 233, 319, 337 effect of, on iron ore, 4, 57 Cast iron. See Iron, cast Castings, 189 of cast iron, 178 Castings of malleable iron, 197 of pig iron (direct castings), 80 “rubber,” 192 of “semi-steel,” 188 of steel, 214 Cementation steel process, 106, =112= Charcoal, 7, 37, 95 Chemical changes during refining, 7, 97, 119, 128, 149, 155, 160, 201, 230 Chemistry of gas producers, 158 Chromium in steel, 238, 243 Cinder in wrought iron, 96, 97, 101, 300 Classification according to chemical analysis, 83 of iron alloys, 69, 180 metallographic, 70 by physical test, 83, 188 of steels, 107, 155 volumetric, 88 Coal, 41, 49 Cold finishing of steel, 270, 306 Coke, 11, 41 Coke ovens, 44, 46 Conductivity of steels, 315 Converters, 126, 226 Cooling curves of steels, 316 Cort, Henry, 11, 95, 259 Critical temperature or range in steels, 315, 319 Crucibles, 118 Crucible steel process, 106, =118=, 223 Cupola melting process, 161, =171=, 198 Dilatation of steel, 315 Dolomite, 50 Drawing bench, 287, 306 Drawing, effect of cold-drawing, 248 of tubes, 305 of wire, 284 Duplex steel process, 155 Electric furnaces, 227 Electric steel, 227 Equilibrium diagram of iron-carbon alloys, 335, 345 Eutectic, 342 Eutectoid, 346 Fiber of wrought iron, 92, 93, 101 Fluor spar, 51 Flux, 50, 173 Forging, 248 Freezing-point curves of iron-carbon alloys, 337