however, is not flint, but either graywacke or a kind of tough slate. [Illustration: Fig. 7.] FOOTNOTES: [1] Koch, in Transactions of the Academy of Science of Saint Louis, vol. i, (1860,) p. 61, &c. [2] I am well aware that the reality of Dr. Koch's discovery has been doubted by some, although it is difficult to perceive why he should have made those statements, if not true, at a time when the antiquity of man was not yet discussed, either in Europe or here, and he, therefore, could expect nothing but contradiction, public opinion being totally unprepared for such revelations. Not being a scientific palaeontologist, he certainly made some mistakes in putting together the bones of the animals exhumed by him; but these failings, in my opinion, have no bearing on his observations relative to the co-existence of man with extinct animals in North America. Only a short time ago some remarks tending to depreciate Dr. Koch's account were made by Dr. Schmidt, in an article on the antiquity of man in America, published in vol. v, of the _Archiv fuer Anthropologie_. I may state here that I was personally acquainted with Dr. Koch, whom I saw repeatedly at the meetings of the Academy of Science of Saint Louis. [3] Prehistoric Times, 1st ed., p. 236. [4] Geological Survey of Illinois, by A. H. Worthen, vol. i, (1866,) p. 38; quoted in Transactions of the Academy of Science of Saint Louis, vol. ii, (1868,) p. 567. [5] The Natural History of the Human Species, London, 1852, p. 89. The comparative freshness of the bones of extinct North American animals was noticed by Cuvier. [6] More particularly in Squier's "Aboriginal Monuments of New York," Buffalo, 1851, p. 126. [7] Fig. 147 on p. 247 of the "Ancient Monuments;" Fig. 106 on p. 509 of "Flint Chips." [8] Squier, Aboriginal Monuments of New York, p. 112, &c. [9] Le Moyne, in De Bry, vol. ii, Francoforti ad Moenum, 1591, pl. XL. * * * * * Transcriber's Note: Obvious typographical errors repaired. Illustrations have been moved to paragraph breaks. End of Project Gutenberg's North American Stone Implements, by Charles Rau