Notes and Queries, Number 37, July 13, 1850Various
History
Notes and Queries, Number 37, July 13, 1850
Various
Questions and answers -- Periodicals
_Origin of Adur_ (Vol. ii., p. 71.).--A, derived from the same root as
Aqua and the French _Eau_, is a frequent component of the names of
rivers: "A-dur, A-run, A-von, A-mon," the adjunct being supposed to
express the individual characteristic of the stream. _A-dur_ would then
mean the _river of oaks_, which its course from Horsham Forest through
the Weald of Sussex, of which "oak is the weed," would sufficiently
justify. It is called in ancient geography _Adurnus_, and is probably
from the same root as the French _Adour_.
C.
The river Adur, which passes by Shoreham, is the same name as the Adour,
a great river in the Western Pyrenees.
This coincidence seems to show that it is neither a Basque word, nor a
Saxon. Whether it is a mere expansion of _ydwr_, the water, in Welch, I
cannot pretend to say, but probably it includes it.
We have the Douro in Spain; and the Doire, or Doria, in Piedmont.
Pompadour is clearly derived from the above French river, or some other
of the same name.
C.B.
_Meaning of Steyne_ (Vol. ii., P. 71.).--Steyne is no doubt _stone_, and
may have reference to the original name of Brighthelm-_stone_: but what
the _stone_ or "steyne" was, I do not conjecture; but it lay or stood
probably on that little flat valley now called the "Steyne." It is said
that, so late as the time of Elizabeth, the town was encompassed by a
high and strong _stone wall_; but that could have no influence on the
name, which, whether derived from Bishop _Brighthelm_ or not, is
assuredly of Saxon times. There is a small town not far distant called
_Steyning, i.e._ the meadow of the stone. In my early days, the name was
invariably pronounced Brighthamstone.
C.
_Sarum and Barum_ (Vol. ii., p. 21.).--As a conjecture, I would suggest
the derivation of _Sarum_ may have been this. Salisbury was as
frequently written Sarisbury. The contracted form of this was Sap., the
ordinary import of which is the termination of the Latin genitive plural
_rum_. Thus an imperfectly educated clerk would be apt to read _Sarum_
instead of Sarisburia; and the error would pass current, until one
reading was accepted for right as much as the other. In other instances
we adopt the Law Latin or Law French of mediæval times; as the county of
_Oxon_ for Oxfordshire, _Salop_ for Shropshire, &c., and _Durham_ is
generally supposed to be French (_Duresmm_), substituted for the
Anglo-Saxon Dunholm, in Latin _Dunelmum_. I shall perhaps be adding a
circumstance of which few readers will be aware, in remarking that the
Bishops of Durham, down to the present day, take alternately the Latin
and French signatures, _Duresm_ and _Dunelm_.
J.G.N.
"_Epigrams on the Universities_" (Vol. ii., p. 88.).--The following
extract frown Hartshorne's _Book-rarities in the University of
Cambridge_ will fully answer the Query of your Norwich correspondent.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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