Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 105, November 1, 1851: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.Various
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Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 105, November 1, 1851: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
Various
Questions and answers -- Periodicals
In this passage we find ἀκρίδα used by the LXX. for the Hebrew
חָגַב, the last of the four kinds specified. I find in
several commentators whom I have consulted, reference to Bochart's
_Hierozoicon_, ii. 4. 7., but as I have not the book by me, I must be
content with referring your correspondent to it; and if he will look at
the commentaries of Elsner and Kuinoel, and Schleusner's _Lexicon_, he
will find references to so many authors in confirmation of the fact in
question, that I think he will not disagree with me in concluding that
where the balance of learned opinion, as well as of evidence, is so
great in favour of one interpretation, we ought not rashly to take up
another, however intelligent the party may be by whom it was suggested.
I have just looked into Wolfius on the New Testament, and there find a
list of writers who have adopted the interpretations of the Father
above mentioned, and also a host of others who defend the received
explanation. If they should be within the reach of Βορέας (as
most of them are not in mine), he will be able to balance their
arguments for himself.
ב.
L---- Rectory, Somerset.
Perhaps the following may be useful to your correspondent
Βορέας on the word ἀκρίδες, St. Matt. iii. 4.
Lev. xi. 22., we have an enumeration of the various kinds of locusts
known to the Jews, viz. the locust proper, the bald locust, beetle,
grasshopper; rendered in the Vulgate respectively, _bruchus_, _attacus_,
_ophiomachus_, _locusta_, the latter by the Septuagint,
ἀκρίδες. The Hebrew אַרְבֶּה, the locust proper, from רָבָה, to
multiply, is used chiefly for the ravaging locust, as Exod.
x. 12., probably a larger kind; while חָגַב, which is
translated _grasshopper_ in our version above, Vulg. _locusta_, Sept.
ἀκρίδες, rendered by Fuerstius (_Heb. Conc._) _locusta
gregaria_, is mostly used as implying diminutiveness, as Numbers, xiii.
33., and but once as a devouring insect, 2 Chro. vii. 13. It is
translated indiscriminately, in our version, _locust_ and _grasshopper_;
all these were edible and permitted to the Jews. Singularly enough,
there is one passage in which this word חָגַב is used, viz.
Eccl. xii. 5., in which it is doubted by some whether it may not mean a
vegetable; but this is not the opinion of the best authorities. The
observation of Grotius, by-the-bye, on the place is extremely curious,
differing from all the other commentators.
What we learn from the Old Testament, then is the probability that
ἀκρίδες meant a smaller kind of locust; and that they were
edible and permitted to the Jews. We have abundant evidence, moreover,
from other quarters, that these locusts were prized as food by
frequenters of the desert. Joh. Leo (_Descript. Africæ_, book ix.,
quoted by Drusius, _Crit. Sac._) says:
"Arabiæ desertæ et Libyæ populi locustarum adventum pro felici
habent omine; nam vel elixas, vel ad solem desiccatas, in farinam
tundunt atque edunt."
Again, _Mercurialis, de Morb. Puerorum_, i. 3. ap. eun.:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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