Notes and Queries, Vol. V, Number 117, January 24, 1852: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.Various
History
Notes and Queries, Vol. V, Number 117, January 24, 1852: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
Various
Questions and answers -- Periodicals
W. DN. in Number 115. (Vol. v., p. 39.) does not question the main
conclusion sought to be established, but takes exception to my reference
to the Council in Trullo as irrelevant, and says, "should your readers
turn to the canons of that council, they would be disappointed at
finding nothing about the cross;" whence he infers, that I have been
"led into a singular mistake." But the mistake, I apprehend, is on the
part of W. DN. himself, who evidently has not read the council in
question, else he would have found, so far from its canons containing
"nothing about the cross," one, the 73rd, is devoted exclusively to the
cross, whilst the 82nd is given to the crucifix. The 73rd canon of the
Council in Trullo directs all veneration to be paid to the cross, and
prohibits its being any longer depicted in the tesseræ of the floors
where this "trophy of our victory," as it is called in the canon, was
exposed to desecration from the feet of the congregation. The 82nd
canon, in like manner, has direct reference to the crucifix, and its
style of design. It alludes to the practice which had theretofore
prevailed, of representing Christ as the lamb, pointed to by St. John,
which was to take away the sins of the world (John, i. 29.); but as that
great work has been accomplished, the council declares that the Church
now prefers the grace and _truth_ of him who had fulfilled the law, to
those ancient forms and shadows which had been handed down as types and
symbols only; and it continues:
"In order, therefore, that what has come to pass should be
exhibited before the sight of all by the skill of the artist in
colours, we direct that the representation of Christ the Lamb of
God, which taketh away the sins of the world, shall henceforth be
elevated in his human character; and no longer under the old form
of a lamb."
The words are these:
"ὡς ἂν οὖν τὸ τέλειον κἂν ταῖς χρωματουργίαις ἐν ταῖς ἁπάντων ὄψεσιν
ὑπογράφηται, τὸν τοῦ αἴροντος τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου ἀμνοῦ Χριστοῦ
τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, κατὰ τὸν ἀνθρώπινον χαρακτῆρα καὶ ἐν ταῖς εἰκόσιν ἀπὸ
τοῦ νῦν ἀντὶ τοῦ παλαιοῦ ἀμνοῦ ἀναστηλοῦσθαι ὁρίζομεν."--_Concilium
Quinisextum_, Can. lxxxii. Concil. Collectio, J. B. MANSI, vol. xi.
p. 978.: Floren. 1765.
W. DN. has quoted this canon, not from the original Greek of the
council, which I copy above, but from the Latin version given in Labbe,
and which is much less close and literal than that of Carranza; and the
words "_erigi et depingi_," which it employs, are a very incorrect
rendering of the Greek ἀναστηλοῦσθαι, a term peculiarly
appropriate to the elevation of a crucifix.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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